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The spraying with titanium is one of the agronomic practices used to stimulate the flowering, bearing of fruit and production of strawberry plants. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of titanium treatment (Ti4+-ascorbate) on L-ascorbic acid, total polyphenol, antioxidant activity, and phenolics profile of six strawberry fruit cultivars. The experiment was carried out on a commercial plantation where basic fertilization and protection of plants followed the recommendations for the species. The chemical composition of strawberries, as a response to titanium treatment, was differential and cultivardependent. A significant increase of total polyphenol content was noted only in ‘Elkat’ berries. The treatment resulted in the increase of L-ascorbic acid in all the cultivars, except for ‘Kent’. However, the influence of Ti on the antioxidant activity of strawberries against ABTS (2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6sulfonic acid) and DPPH (2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) radical was differential. Only in treated ‘Elsanta’ fruit a significant enhancement of scavenging both radicals was observed. Moreover, the treatment caused a significant increase of total anthocyanin content in ‘Kent’, ‘Selva’ and ‘Senga’ fruit, and a significant decrease of these compounds in ‘Dukat’ berries. Regarding total proanthocyanidins, the only significant change was a decline observed in treated ‘Elsanta’ berries. The applied treatment exerted no considerable effect on ellagic acid and p-coumaric acid content in any of cultivars tested
In precise field trials at five localities in the CR within years 2004-2005 the effects of different locality conditions and yellow- and purple- fleshed potato cultivars on ascorbic acid (AA) and total polyphenol (TP) contents in tubers were determined. AA content on average of nine cultivars reached the value 170.3 mg·kg⁻¹ FM and was demonstrably affected by the genotype of cultivar and locality conditions. The highest level was achieved in Marabel cv.; in other eight cultivars AA contents lower by 5-33% were estimated. Among five localities the highest AA content at the locality in lowland region (174 m a. s.) with the warmest and dry climate and light-textured soils was determined. In the case of total polyphenols no significant difference among localities was found, but the tendency to higher TP (by 9-22% as compared to other localities) at the locality Stachy was observed, what was connected with apparently lower temperature during vegetation period at this locality. In Valfi purple flesh cultivar higher by 90% TP content was found as compared with the mean value for yellow flesh cultivars. In the group of yellow flesh cultivars significant differences of TP content among particular cultivars were also determined.
In recent times, pomegranate has been one of Turkey’s most important commercial fruit crops for consumption and export. In this study, the chemical composition of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruits grown in the central area of Bitlis province (Eastern Turkey) was investigated. For this purpose, total phenolic content, ascorbic acid content, total anthocyanin and antioxidant activity and minerals content were evaluated. The highest total phenolic contents were determined in 13BIT1 (6477.78 mg gallic acid equivalents 100 g–1 fresh matter). The highest ascorbic acid was determined in 13BIT2 of pomegranate genotype (60.78 mg 100 g–1). Radical scavenging activity (DPPH) were determined between 13BIT18 (78.15) to 13BIT1 (31.49). Total anthocyanin of genotypes was measured between 13BIT19 (156.03) to 13BIT17 (55.37), respectively. The highest mineral compositions of the pomegranate genotypes were 998.00% N, 301.00 mg 100 g–1 P, 1708.61 mg 100 g–1 K, 55.21 mg 100 g–1 Ca, 116.79 mg 100 g–1 Mg, 5.1 mg 100 g–1 Fe, 1.91 mg 100 g–1 Cu, 0.41 mg 100 g–1 Mn and 1.20 mg 100 g–1 Zn, respectively. The results indicate that pomegranate genotypes have an important value of health and nutrition for the human.
This study evaluated the effect of Pseudomonas strains and arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) in enhancing strawberry yield and phenolic and antioxidant capacity on a phosphorus (P) deficient calcareous soil. The experiments were conducted in three replicates with six treatments (four Pseudomonas strains, AMF and control) and three rates of P-fertilizer (0, 75, 150 kg P ha–1). Application of higher phosphate rates decreased total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonols content, whereas AMF and Pseudomonas strains increased quality and P concentration of fruit. The use of AMF and Pseudomonas strains resulted in better quality when used along with 75 kg P ha–1. These results demonstrated that the rhizospheric microorganisms improved the quality of fruit, especially when they applied in combination with lower rates of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, application of these microorganisms in sustainable agriculture is recommended.
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Five different methods of drying (microwave-drying, oven-drying at 50 and 70°C, sun-drying and shade drying) the fresh fruits of two hawthorn species – Crataegus azarolus L. (yellow) and Crataegus orientalis L. (red) – were investigated in this study to determine its impact on their antioxidant capacity and antioxidant content. The results showed that antioxidant capacity increased, and at the same time the number of total phenolic compounds decreased with increase in the temperature in oven drying, whereas in other drying methods (microwave, sun and shade-drying) the amount of total phenolic compounds increased. It was observed that in all samples the vitamin C content decreased. Samples dried in a microwave appeared to have the strongest antioxidant capacity. Microwave-drying appeared to be the best method for preserving bioactive chemicals.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of genotype in a total of twelve varieties with purple- and red-fleshed tubers on the content of important antioxidants - total polyphenols (TP), ascorbic acid (AA) and total anthocyanins (TA). Precise field experiments were performed in 2008 and 2009 in the Czech Republic. Genotype of the variety showed a significant influence on the contents of the TP, AA and TA. Purple- and red-fleshed varieties reached 2.7 to 3.8 times higher content of the TP in comparison with control yellow-fleshed variety, difference between them has a maximum of 16.8%. The highest AA content in the group of the varieties with colored pulp showed the Highland Burgundy Red variety (233 mg·kg⁻¹ FM), which with other two varieties matched the yellow-fleshed control, for other varieties a decrease of 18.5 to 28.0% was demonstrated. The TA content varied in a wide range from 68.7 to 573.5 mg cyanidin·kg⁻¹ FM and corresponded with the intensity and color range of light-marbled flesh of tubers of each variety.
Low-temperature results in various physiological and metabolic disturbances in cells of plants which are sensitive to low-temperatures. Moringa is getting popularity as a field crop because of its multipurpose usage. There is no information available about effects of low-temperature (14-18℃) on moringa seedlings and its mitigation. The present study was conducted to test the performance of moringa seedling grown in wire house under low-temperature conditions in response to foliar application of moringa leaf extract (3% solution), hydrogen peroxide (5 ml L⁻¹), ascorbic acid (50 mg L⁻¹) and salicylic acid (50 mg L⁻¹). Seeds of six moringa accessions [Local landrace grown at Agronomic Research Area, Z.A Hashmi Hall, Firdous Colony; Exotic landrace grown at Lalazaar Colony, Department of Agronomy and Agronomic Research Area] were collected and grown in polythene bags filled with equal ratio of compost, sand, silt and clay. All foliar treatments were applied twice; the first round at the seedling age one month and the second round at the seedling age two months. Foliar application of moringa leaf extract significantly enhanced number of branches (92%) and leaves (39%), leaf total chlorophyll contents (73%), leaf phenolic contents (53%) and membrane stability index (57%) of moringa seedlings compared to control. Healthy and vigorous growth of moringa seedlings with higher concentration of antioxidants ensured the defensive potential of moringa leaf extract against low-temperature condition.
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