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Fifty Black-White bulls from 8 - 11 days of age were divided in to 5 groups (of 10). The experiment was conducted up to the 120 day of age. From the begining of experiment to 35 days of age the calves were given water-soluble milk replacer (120 l per animal). The calves were fed ad libitum with concentrate (15% crude protein) and meadow hay which was limited to 0,8 kg/day after 35 days of age. The main source of protein in the control mixture (group k) was soya-bean oilmeal. In the mixture for the other groups the soya-bean protein was in 35 and 70% substituted by rapeseed oil-meal (10 and 20% in the mixture respectively). Calves in group Rs10 and Rs20 were fed the mixtures containing low-glucosinolate and low-erucic rapeseed oilmeal variety Start 00 (not toasted) and in the groups Rg10 and Rg20 traditional double-high rapeseed oilmeal var. Górczański. As compared with other groups in the first period of feeding the calves from groups Rg10 and Rg20 consumed less mixture. The average daily gains and feed utilization between groups K and Rs10 was not significantly different. The performance of calves fed the mixture with 20% rapesesd oilmeal var. Start (group Rs20 was generally better than of those given traditional cultivar. The performance of calves in group Rg10 was the same or slightly better than in group Rg20. Comparing with the other groups decrease of N-retention in groups Rg10 and Rg20 was observed. The apparent digestibility of nutrients was not significantly different betueen all the groups.
The results of the studies discussed indicate practical possibilities for increasing the nutritional value and range of fodder utilisation of rapeseed products by means of, among others: (i) further lowering GLS content to the level of 3 - 5 μM, permitting broader application of raw seeds and better utilisation of press cake obtained during cold pressing of oil; (ii) modification of the traditional technology of rapeseed processing, mainly through lowering the temperature of seed conditioning and rapessed meal toasting, which bring about lysine loss and increase the biological value of protein; (iii) reducing fibre content in rapeseed meal (through hulling of seeds, fractioning of rapeseed meal) and selection of ‘000’ cultivars, permitting an increase in energetic value of meal in feeding monogastric animals; (iv) optimisation of cold pressing of oil with regard to the nutritonal value of press-cake.
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