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Assessment of slaughter value of sheep on the basis of linear measurements made on digital carcass images. The aim of this study was to develop a method of assessing slaughter value of sheep using digital carcass images.Research material consisted of 38 ovine carcasses. Carcasses were classified in the EUROP grading system in terms of muscle and fat and photographed from three sides and then computer image analysis were used. Analyzed data of linear and area measurements of sheep carcasses using computer image analysis and compare them with the results of slaughter analysis conducted by the conventional method. To compare obtained results statistical analysis was performed. The correlation between computer linear measurements and meat cuts weight and EUROP classification were examined. The preliminary analysis showed the possibility of using computer image analysis to evaluate the meat yield of sheep, and the resulting measurements are correlated to the proportion of meat cuts and tissues, but in order to obtain high accuracy results further studies are needed.
The research was conducted on 286 fattener carcasses chosen from mass population in three different regions of the country. On the carcasses, fat thickness measurements were performed on the carcass cross section as well as fat and the longest back muscle thickness measurements on two cross sections of the loin. Carcasses, depending on their weight, were divided into three groups, i.e. of the average weight of about 70, 80 and 90 kg. Research showed that the increase of carcass weight by about 10 kg in the case of fatteners bought by meat plants caused statistically significant increase of fat thickness and measurement results of the longest back muscle in all measured points. The increase of carcass weight from 70.0 to 80.0 kg caused relatively small increase of fat thickness (about 2 mm), and higher increase of the longest back muscle height (about 5mm), however the increase of carcass weight from 80.0 to 90.0 kg, influenced greater increase of fat thickness (about 5 mm), and smaller increase of the longest back muscle (about 2 mm). In the classification system, where one takes into account fat thickness and the longest back muscle height when estimating the meat percentage, we may expect small decrease of carcass meatiness at carcass weight increase to 85.0 kg, and having exceeded this weight, greater decrease of carcass meat percentage may be expected.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of two single nucleotide polymorphisms iIn growth hormone (GH) gene on performance traits in pigs. The animals (n= 320) belonged to four groups of commercial crosses being the progeny of crossbred Polish Landrace × Polish Large White sows and Polish Landrace, Polish Large White, Duroc or Pietrain boars. Genotypes of growth hormone gene (GH) were established with PCR-RFLP technique using MspI and HaeII endonucleases.The GH/MspI and GH/HaeII genotypes were found significantly related to the weight of ham, Wright of ham meat and ham content of carcass. Moreover, nearly significant differences between GH/MIPS genotypes were found for mean fat thickness (from five measurements), fat thickness at lower back (point K2) and over the loin, and for loin eye height. The results presented allow to assume that near the analysed mutation the QTLs for performance traits in pigs are located.
Danube White (DW) sows are characterized by high fertility (total no. of piglets born) reaching 10.3 and 11.5. piglets in the first and fourth litter, as well as by high no. of piglets born alive – 10.0 and 10.6, respectively. Mean daily live weight gain of DW pigs fattened over a period of 91 days amounts to 780 g, and feed conversion ratio to 3,365 kg/kg gain. The mean backfat thickness from three measurements reaches 25 mm with high coefficient of variation suggesting a need and feasibility of further intensive selection to decrease the trait value. Although DW pigs are recognized as stressresistant (sensitivity to stress appears in 12.2% individuals), periodical control of the spread of Hal+ individuals within the population is suggested, assisted with a proper selection. DW pigs are considered suitable for traditional conditions of maintenance and feeding and thus for production of “ecological” meat.
We identified vertebrate scavengers of small mammal carcasses at the 780-km2 Savannah River Site during the winter of 2000-2001. Rodent carcasses, differing in size and visual conspicuousness, were placed in upland pine forests and bottomland hard­wood forests during six 2-week periods. Sixty-two of the 96 carcasses (65%) were removed by vertebrates. With the aid of remote photography, we identified 11 species of scavengers removing carcasses. Raccoons Procyon lotor, gray foxes Urocyon cine- reoargenteus, and feral pigs Sus scrofa scavenged most frequently. The mean elapsed time for carcass removal was 5.6 days. The number of carcasses removed by vertebrates did not differ significantly with respect to carcass size, visual conspicuousness, or habitat type; however, air temperature was strongly correlated (positively) with carcass removal. Our study demonstrates that many mammal species are capable of utilizing small carrion items as a food resource, and suggests that scavenging may account for a higher proportion of the diet of some facultative scavengers than is now widely assumed.
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