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The authors investigated carotenoids in selected body parts of pike before, during, and post-spawning period.
The aim of the present study was to verify the feasibility of using live Artemia salina nauplii embedded with fluorochromes for the mass marking of pike Esox lucius (L.) larvae. In the experiment, pike larvae 6 days post hatch were fed ad libitum with nauplii dyed with 600 ppm tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) or 200 ppm alizarin red S (ARS) for 3 or 6 days. The highest percentage of marked fish (100%) and the best quality of this marking was found in the groups fed A. salina stained with TC for either 3 or 6 days. In groups fed A. salina stained with ARS for 3 or 6 days exhibited a lower percentage of marked fish (ranging from 76.7–88.3%). No significant differences between experimental groups were noted regarding survival rate, final body weight and length of the reared pike larvae.
Background. The magnetic field is known to exert its influence on both adult and juvenile fishes, as well as the embryos. The effects are diversified and pertain to, practically all, life aspects of an individual. Another aspect of this issue can be the existing and still growing magnetic pollution of the natural environment. In view of the above we decided to study the embryonic motorics of fish, exemplified by pike, affected by constant- and alternating magnetic fields. Materials and Methods. Eggs of pike (Esox lucius L.) after period of adaptation (control) were subjected to 30-min action of the magnetic field (constant 4 mT and alternating 15 mT). The inflicted changes in the embryonic motorics were observed under a microscope and recorded on videotape. Results. The following aspects of the embryogenesis were affected: Quasi-peristalsis (increased angular velocity and the amplitude of ectoplasmic waves-at the stages of blastula end gastrula). Heart muscle action (in alternating field-short, small acceleration in the heartbeat is followed by a sudden rise of the number of contractions). Somatic motorics (no visible effect of neither constant- nor alternate field). Conclusion. Three different mechanism of the magnetic field are taken into consideration: a) directly on actomyosin structures in the quasi-peristalsis, b) on automatic centres of the developing heart, and c) on developing structures of the central nervous system (no effect presently observed).
The possibility of using sturgeon as a stock component during the rearing of pike (Esox lucius L.) fry in tanks was determined. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first, pike fry with a body weight of 0.1 g were reared in monoculture and polyculture with a sturgeon component comprising 40 and 80% of the pike biomass. In the second phase, pike fry weighing an average of 3 g were reared in monoculture and polyculture with a sturgeon component comprising 10 and 20% of the pike biomass. The introduction of the sturgeon improved feed utilization and lowered feed conversion ratios from 1.4 to 0.8 in the older pike group (statistically significant difference at P < 0.05). In experiment stage II, the pike fry reared in polyculture with sturgeon attained statistically significant (P < 0.05) higher body growth in comparison with the monoculture variant. Pike survival was the lowest in the monoculture at 72.1 and 91.4% in stages I and II of the experiment, respectively. With regard to the smaller fry, this was due primarily to cannibalism with such losses comprising over 50% of the total losses throughout rearing. Survival in the polycultures was as much as 12% higher. The authors believe that the possibility of rearing these two species together stems from their different behavior and feeding strategy. Another benefit was that the labor-intensive removal of feed not consumed by the pike fry was lowered which meant that there was minimal interference in the tank during rearing.
We induced homozygous gynogenesis in Northern pike (Esox lucius L.). The eggs obtained from two females and inseminated with UV inactivated milt were subjected to a pressure shock. The shock (600 atm, 3 min duration) was applied 60,75,90,105,120 or 135 min after activation of gametes. Application of the pressure shock resulted in interruption of the first mitotic division and gynogenetic larvae were obtained. The best results (5.20 ± 0.7% of survival, expressed as average ± SD) were observed when the eggs from the first female (A) were subjected to a pressure shock 75 min after insemination. Shock applied 90 min after activation resulted in 3.51 ± 2.4% of gynogenetic individuals. Pressure treatments applied 105,120 or 135 min were ineffective. The results demonstrate that pressure shock can be applied to induce homozygous development in Northern pike.
Celem pracy była ocena jakości użytkowej i wartości odżywczej tkanki mięśniowej sandacza i szczupaka utrzymywanych w polikulturze. Badaniami objęto 16 ryb (po 8 osobników każdego gatunku), odłowionych w jednym stawie gospodarstwa rybackiego położonego w województwie lubelskim. Wykazano, że przy podobnym wieku obu gatunków ryb drapieżnych szczupaki, pomimo większej masy ciała, charakteryzowały się wyższym udziałem wnętrzności i mniejszym udziałem tuszy oraz niższym współczynnikiem kondycji w porównaniu do sandaczy. Skład chemiczny i kaloryczność tkanki mięśniowej porównywanych gatunków była natomiast bardzo zbliżona i wynosiła, odpowiednio dla sandacza i szczupaka: woda – 77,15 i 76,40%; białko – 21,26 i 21,41%; tłuszcz – 0,41 i 0,58%, popiół – 1,43 i 1,42%, energia – 517 i 528 kJ/100 g. Na podkreślenie zasługuje wysoka wartość wskaźnika jakości żywieniowej (INQ) białka ocenianych ryb drapieżnych (6,9 dla sandacza i 6,8 dla szczupaka), wskazująca, że są one dobrym źródłem tego składnika w diecie, zbilansowanym z podażą energii w porcji 100 g filetów.
The aim of this study was to determine the growth rates of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), and pike, Esox lucius L., from the Tresna Reservoir. Back-calculations were used to determine fish age. Histological pictures were used to determine the spawning success of the two species compared. The study material was comprised of 18 pikeperch females and 13 males, and 20 pike females and 12 males. The growth rate of pikeperch from the Tresna Reservoir was higher in comparison to populations inhabiting other basins in Poland. The histological analyses of the gonads indicated that pikeperch spawned successfully in the reservoir. The growth rate of the pike in the reservoir was comparable to that of this species in other basins. However, the histological picture of the ovaries indicated that spawning was only partially successful since 25% of females did not spawn and their eggs were in a state of resorption.
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