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The results of anchovy stock assessment during surveys in periods 1976-1984 and 1989-1990 are given. The influence of the curves of spawning intensity on the error in stock assessment is also discussed. During the periods of surveys it was observed that anchovy stock was decreasing. Estimates using the batch fecundity method show that anchovy stocks were highly overestimated because their fecundity was underestimated. It is obvious that in future surveys in the Adriatic, the batch fecundity methods has to be applied.
The objective of the study was to present the results of anchovy stock assessment for one period (1989-1990) of surveys and to estimate maximum sustainable yield on the basis of the estimated spawning biomass. Anchovy stock has not been fully exploited during that period but was decreasing and affected by long term fluctuations in biomass.
A reduction of inflow to the Guadiana River on the border between Portugal and Spain may directly contribute to the degradation of fish habitats. Changes are expected to the spawning behaviour of Engraulis encrasicolus adults, to the migration patterns of larvae in the estuary, and to the catches of fisheries in the lower part of the river and adjacent coastal areas. Spawning of E. encrasicolus occurs in the lower part of the estuary and in the adjacent coastal areas. However, high abundances of larvae have been registered in the middle and upper parts of the estuary, the most productive region of the estuary, that with the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM). In a year of normal inflow, such as the hydrologic year 1987–1988, some retention of larvae occurred in this area. However, in an abnormal hydrologic year with a low inflow (1999–2000), and with an increase in freshwater inflow during the spring months, a disturbance to the migration pattern seems to have affected the survival of larvae in the estuary. High river inflow, probably associated with an increased input of nutrients, appears to have an important and positive effect on adult numbers, because anchovy fishery catches in the adjacent coastal area increased under these conditions.
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