The role of macronutrient intake in reducing the risk of obesity and overweight among carriers of different polymorphisms of FTO gene. A review

• Autorzy: Przeliorz-Pyszczek A. , Regulska-Ilow B.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Obesity is a growing problem worldwide. The risk of the excessive body weight occurrence is a multifactorial issue. Environmental factors, lifestyle habits, diet, physical activity level, as well as genetic predisposition can increase obesity risk. One of the genes studied – the FTO gene - plays a crucial role in obesity occurrence. Individuals who carry risk alleles of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have a greater risk of being overweight. Recent studies revealed that specific macronutrient diet composition can influence differently on the FTO expression. The aim of this article is to review the recent literature on the topic of the FTO gene, its influence on overweight and obesity prevalence and the role of diet in modifying its impact on the risk of the excessive body weight occurrence. There are not many studies focusing on the dietary intervention influence on the FTO gene expression. As far as it has been researched it seems that the proper dietary habits can modify the FTO gene risk allele influence on obesity susceptibility.

PL

Otyłość jest rosnącym problemem na całym świecie. Ryzyko występowania nadmiernej masy ciała stanowi problem wieloczynnikowy. Czynniki środowiskowe, styl życia, dieta, poziom aktywności fizycznej, a także predyspozycje genetyczne mogą zwiększać ryzyko otyłości. Jeden z badanych genów - gen FTO - odgrywa kluczową rolę w występowaniu otyłości. Osoby, które są nosicielami alleli ryzyka specyficznych polimorfizmów pojedynczych nukleotydów (ang. SNP - Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) tego genu charakteryzują się większym ryzykiem wystąpienia nadwagi. Najnowsze badania wykazały, że specyficzny udział makroskładników diety może wpływać w różny sposób na ekspresję FTO. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przegląd najnowszej literatury na temat genu FTO, jego wpływ na częstość występowania nadwagi i otyłości oraz roli diety w modyfikacji jego wpływu na ryzyko wystąpienia nadmiernej masy ciała. Niewiele jest badań dotyczących wpływu interwencji dietetycznych na ekspresję genu FTO. Tak dalece jak to zostało zbadane wydaje się, że odpowiednie nawyki żywieniowe mogą modyfikować wpływ alleli genu FTO na ryzyko wystąpienia otyłości.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

macronutrient; human nutrition; intake; reducing; disease risk; obesity; overweight; polymorphism; FTO gene; gene expression; genetic factor; human diet; diet therapy

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 68
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.5-13,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Przeliorz-Pyszczek A.

• Department of Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 34 Parkowa, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland

autor

Regulska-Ilow B.

• Department of Dietetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 34 Parkowa, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland

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