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The investigations were done in the piotrkowskie province on grasslands in three mineral habitats: fertile, average and poor. The following characteristics were assessed: soil type, level of moisture and biological soil activity, hay yields and botanical composition. A big shortage of water occurred all the examined habitats, especially in the poor one where it caused periodical or even complete drying of plants in that habitat and the creation of poor xerothermic communities. The water shortage in the fertile and average meadows was smaller but still it caused big yield fluctuations and growing similarity of communities, which hampered habitat differentiation. Similar reaction of these habitats to fertilization adoptionally hindered their differentiation. The characteristics which allowed to differentiate these habitats were thus accumulation horizon thickness and biological soil activity, especially the content of soil dehydrogenases.
Researches were carried out in Jaworki near Szczawnica during 1987-1993, on the mountain region in Polish Carpathian. Elevation 600-640 m a.s.l. The field experiments were situated on the opposite slopes S and N on 10° and 20° inclination, and also on the flat terrain. Results after 7-years investigations show, that on the flat terrain we can receive the highest yielding. The higher yields gave also meadows on the north exposition than on the south. Average differences of yields amounted about 10%. The bigger influence on the grassland production exerted inclination of the slopes. On each degree of inclination the fodder production reduced about 1,5 to 2,2% in the interval inclination from 10° to 20°. The reduction of biomase production is more distinct on the north exposition than on the south.
During the period 1993-1995 20 plant communities of high percentage of Lotus corniculatus occurrence were analyzed. Two phytocenosis were found: Lolio-Cynosuretum and Arrhenatheretum elatioris. The most frequent among them appeared to be Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis, Festuca pratensis and Dactylis glomerata. Acidity of soil considered as slightly acid (Lolio-Cynosuretum) and as neutral (Arrhenatheretum elatioris). Generally in soil high contens of Mg, moderate contents of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn and low contents of P and K were found. The plants of Lotus corniculatus were very rich in N, Ca and Mg and was deficient in P, Na, Zn and Mn.
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