The responsible (rational, prudent) use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine is an issue that is widely discussed and debated recently. The discussion takes place at various levels, including in the parliament of the European Union (EU). A detailed knowledge of pharmacology, in particular in the field of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial agents, is essential for the prudent use of these drugs. This knowledge enables not only the selection of the appropriate antibiotic, but also the avoidance of side effects, which is particularly useful in the treatment of complicated infections. In this article the most important data about the interactions that may affect the efficiency of antibiotic therapy are presented. The pharmacokinetic (during absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion) and pharmacodynamic (synergism, antagonism) interactions between various antibiotics and between antibiotics and other drugs are discussed. Furthermore, interactions between antibiotics and feed ingredients and components present in the water are presented. Knowledge about drug-drug or drug-food/water interactions can be used to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy or reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of simultaneous drug applications.
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