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Twenty-seven pruritic dogs were used in this study. When a hypoallergenic diet was fed to these 27 dogs for six weeks, none of the dogs showed improvement of the pruritus. These dogs had a history and clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) as defined by Prelaud’s diagnostic criteria. Subsequently, the 27 dogs were isolated for observation for two weeks in the hospital. In the isolation room in the veterinary clinic, cages and tableware were all stainless steel, and carpet was not used. A hypoallergenic diet was continuously fed to the 27 dogs for two weeks, during which time they were kept in the isolation room. PVAS (Pruritus Visual Analog Scale) was performed prior to starting the isolation, at the start of the study and 2 weeks after starting the isolation. In 17dogs (63%) the pruritus improved in the isolation room. A statistically significant reduction (p<0.01) of PLS (Pruritus liners score) was recorded 2 weeks after isolation. It was hypothesized that the 17 dogs whose pruritus improved in the isolation room had AD caused by an environmental antigen that was not present in the isolation room. Pruritus of the remaining 10 dogs (37%) did not improve. For 6/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was positive for an environmental antigen. For4/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was negative for all environmental antigens. Dogs for which sensitivity to an environmental antigen was not identified were thought to have atopic-like dermatitis.
The number of cercarial dermatitis (swimmer’s itch) cases in the Nordic countries has been increasing during the latest years. Thus, records from Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark have occurred at increasing frequencies. In order to elucidate the biological basis for this infection of ten species of pulmonate snails in some Danish lakes were monitored in 2003. Ocellate cercariae belonging to the genera Trichobilharzia and Bilharziella were recorded in 1.3% and 0.71% of all snails examined, respectively. However, in specific snail hosts the prevalences recorded were up to 50%. The biotic and abiotic factors responsible for the observations are discussed, but the relatively high prevalence of infected snails in the present study calls for further monitoring of these pathogenic cercariae in European freshwater localities.
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is an inflammatory skin disorder affecting the scalp, face, and trunk, however, there are controversies surrounding its treatment. The aim of the study is to compare the efficacy of sertaconazole 2% cream with hydrocortisone 1% cream in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. In total, 138 patients suffering from seborrheic dermatitis were studied. Sixty-nine patients received local sertoconazole 2% cream and they were recommended to use the cream twice a day and for 4 weeks. To create a control group, 69 patients received hydrocortisone 1% cream twice a day for four weeks. At the time of referral, and at 2 and 4 weeks after their first visit, the patients were examined by a dermatologist to check the improvement of clinical symptoms. The mean age of patients was 36.45±13.23. The highest level of satisfaction (85.1%) was observed 28 days after sertaconazole consumption: 76.9% was recorded for the hydrocortisone group. No relapse of the disease one month after stopping treatment was observed in either the sertaconazole 2% group or the hydrocortisone 1% group. Sertaconazole 2% cream may be an excellent alternative therapeutic modality for treating seborrheic dermatitis.
The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical state of dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) by use of CADESI test in own modification during the first visit in the Dermatology Consult Room as well as during the treatment. The study was performed in two groups (I-E and II-C) of 20 dogs in each group. In dogs which were qualified to the I-E group, as antiallergic, anti-inflammatory and antipruritic treatment, prednisone (oral preparation Encorton – Polfa Pabianice) at dose 0.5 mg/kg b.w./day was administered, while in dogs qualified to the II-C group – cyclosporine (oral preparation Sandimmun Neoral – Novartis Pharma) at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w./day; the treatment was continued for 6 weeks in both groups. During the study, skin lesions were assessed in 15 specified body areas using 4 parameters and 5-point scale. In group I-E and II-C the amount of received points in CADESI test was decreased by 82.26% and by 83% respectively, after the treatment. Statistical analyses of the results obtained revealed no statistically significant (P=0.05) differences between means of I-E and II-C groups in consecutive examinations, which indicates comparable clinical efficacy of both drugs. Statistically significant differences (P=0.05) of the parameters assessed were found after secondary dermatoses treatment, and after every two weeks of antipruritic and anti-inflammatory treatment.
There are numerous cases of dermatitis described world-wide and resulting from the influence of the furcocercaria of the bird schistosome. The host snail species of the schistosome, producing thousands of furcocercaria are common in our country. But, because of too general symptoms of dermatitis resulting from the influence of the schistosome of the larvae, there are many unrecognisable cases. The reaction described was typical of a twenty-seven-year-old man collecting snails in the Piechota Bay in Gostynin (the Province of Kuyavia and Pomerania). In that reservoir, individuals of Lymnaea stagnalis were found, which were infected with sporocysts and furcocercaria of Trichobilharzia ocellata. In the laboratory conditions, a high expulsion of cercaria was observed, which amounted to over 8000 larvae per snail.
The use of veterinary medicines and medicated feed has a potential for the exposure of agricultural workers to pharmaceuticals with phototoxic and photoallergic sideeffects. We present a 67-year-old self-employed farmer and pig breeder with a 22-year history of severe persistent photosensitivity following photoallergic contact dermatitis due to direct occupational dermal and airborne contact to chlorpromazine (sedative) and olaquindox (antibiotic and animal growth promoter, AGP). His fi rst dermatitis symptoms appeared at the age of 45 when the pig breeding was intensifi ed. He showed erythematous, scaly, and pruritic plaques localized symmetrically on the sun-exposed backs of his hands, fi ngers, and forearms, spreading to his face and other sun-exposed body sites. Without protective measures, he injected the animals with chlorpromazine. Besides, for several years he mixed by hand a powder containing olaquindox into the pigs’ dry food. Epicutaneous and photo-patch tests showed positive reactions to promethazine, chlorpromazine, and olaquindox. In spite of the complete avoidance of the identifi ed photoallergens for several years, his life is still extremely disabled due to the persistent photosensitivity. Our case report stresses the observation that olaquindox and chlorpromazine as phototoxic agents and photoallergens are capable of inducing a persistent and severe photosensitivity for many years, even after termination of exposure. Although the use of phenothiazine derivates and APGs for animals has meanwhile been banned in the European Union (EU), AGPs are still widely used in Asia. Physicians, especially occupational physicians, should be still aware of these phototoxic and photoallergic agents to reduce the burden of skin disease at work.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitability of pruritus score test in pruritus diagnosis in dogs. The test was used to assess the frequency and severity of pruritus in dogs between 1 and 3 years of age, suffering from atopic dermatitis. Skin pruritus was assessed: during the first visit (examination 0), after elimination of secondary dermatosis (examination 1), 2 weeks after the treatment with prednisone - group I-E or cyclosporine - group II-C (examination 2) as well as 6 weeks after treatment (examination 3). In examination 0, the skin pruritus in all dogs was scored at 26.75%. Reduction of pruritus was observed during the treatment in examination 3 in dogs of group I-E (by 80.46%) and in dogs of group II-C (by 86.12%) in comparison with examination 0. Localisation of pruritus in particular body parts was also examined, resulting in observation that in examination 0 it was mostly found in interdigital space of front paws, facial part of the muzzle, chin, ears but not always with the same intensity in symmetrically placed body parts. Mean values of the measurement were statistically significant (P≤0.005) after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of the treatment in I-E and II-C groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between I-E and II-C groups in consecutive measurements.
Gut microbiota was analyzed in children, aged 6–18 months and su$ering from atopic dermatitis before and after 3 month supplementation of their diet with Lactobacillus casei DN – 114001 in a dose of 10⁹ cells daily. On completion of this period the total number of fecal Lactobacillus sp. cells decreased from 7.86 Log₁₀ CFU/g to 6.40 Log₁₀ CFU/g. After the next 5 months (without dietary supplementation with the probiotic bacteria) the level of Lactobacillus sp. cells was maintained at the latter value. During the dietary supplementation with the probiotic strain, the level of Bifidobacterium cells was maintained at 6.15–6.89 Log₁₀ CFU/g while after 5 months it decreased to 5.57 Log₁₀ CFU/g. The population of Clostridium sp. was reduced after 3 months of dietary supplementation from 6.49 to 5.83 Log₁₀ CFU/g and was maintained at the latter level during the next 5 months. The dietary supplementation had no effect on populations of Bacteroides sp., Enterococcus sp. and Enterobacteriaceae. Supplementation of children who developed atopic dermatitis with the preparation of Lactobacillus casei DN – 114001 positively affected their gut microbiota in terms of bifidobacteria and clostridia populations.
The effect of paper substrate type used at the beginning of rearing on foot pad dermatitis (FPD) occurrence and production results of broiler chickens.The objective of the study was to estimate influence of different paper type as additional substrate in broiler chickens rearing on foot pad quality. Animals used in experiments were 320 Ross 308 chickens divided into groups according to substrate type: control group – chickens reared on litter with paper produced from paper pulp and experimental group – chickens reared on litter with paper produced from paper pulp with cellulose addition. Production results were controlled during rearing period (in 21st, 35th, 42nd days). Foot pad quality was visually defined 5 days before slaughter. Effect of substrate type used during first days of life on occurrence of foot pad skin injuries and production results in chicken broilers was observed. Chickens from experimental group achieved higher production results (higher body weight, better herd health) and foot pad dermatitisappeared less frequently.
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