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Celem pracy była analiza wartości rzeźnej tryczków rasy świniarka ze stada utrzymywanego w warunkach chowu wolnego w celu czynnej ochrony środowiska. Materiał badawczy stanowiło 6 tryczków w wieku około 7-8 miesięcy wybranych ze stada owiec rasy świniarka, objętego Programem Ochrony Zasobów Genetycznych Zwierząt Gospodarskich w Polsce. Wydajność rzeźna badanych jagniąt była niska i wynosiła 36,1%.Wyręby cenne stanowiły 40,0% tusz, a w składzie udźca stwierdzono 66,1% tkanki mięśniowej oraz jedynie 5,8% tkanki tłuszczowej. Całościowa analiza przedstawionych wyników wskazuje, że tuszki jagniąt rasy świniarka pochodzące od zwierząt utrzymywanych w systemie chowu wolnego charakteryzują się bardzo niskim otłuszczeniem, a także słabszym umięśnieniem.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of haptoglobin (Hp) determination as an index in the monitoring of sheep welfare and health status in the pre- and post-slaughter period. The research results indicate a strict correlation between concentration of ovine serum haptoglobin and the presence and severity of pathological lesions visualised in the internal organs at the post-mortem examination. The Hp assay in live sheep prior to transportation to a slaughterhouse allows identifying the animals with subclinical infections. Thus, the Hp index may be used for an assessment into the state of the sheep's health in the pre-slaughter period by the veterinary inspection and as a safety measure of food of animal origin. Besides, a serum haptoglobin content established in sheep intended for slaughter may aid in the evaluation of the animal welfare at transportation and body condition after it as well as in the period following the 48 h rest time before slaughter.
The objective of the present research was the analysis of chosen factors contributing to mortality of ewes and their lambs from a flock naturally infected with maedi-visna virus (MVV). 1,406 mother sheep and their 2,234 progeny of two synthetic prolific- meat lines BCP and SCP and Suffolk breed were investigated. Summing up the research results concerning mortality of dams and lambs in a MVV-infected flock, a hypothesis on virus detrimental effect on production traits and consequently economic situation of sheep industry has been supported. The study findings highlighted some hazards related to the virus presence in a herd and losses produced, and they may aid in the development of appropriate virus eradication strategies. Such programmes should include, among others, shortening the exploitation period of infected animals up to 3-4 years, replacement of culled sheep with animals from MVV- free flocks and finally, including the infection factor to selection procedures of dams and their progeny.
Trichomonads are anaerobic, flagellated protists belonging to the large phylum Parabasalia. In most cases, they exist as endosymbionts – harmless comensals of invertebrates and vertebrates – but several species are considered to be imported intestinal or urogenital parasites of humans and other animals. This paper presents current information on the taxonomy, morphology and biology of trichomonads. The characterization of invasiology followed by the description of virulence factors and pathogenic mechanisms of trichomonads is presented. The present paper also reviews diagnostic methods, treatment and prevention of trichomoniasis.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate systematic factors that influence longevity and to estimate the heritability of functional longevity by survival analysis of Suffolk sheep in the Czech Republic. A total of 20,502 ewes from 137 flocks were used. The longevity of Suffolk ewes was influenced to some extent by their average prolificacy. The effects of growth intensity and the development of muscularity and fattiness, as well as the effect of the prion protein gene PrP haplotype on the risk of the exclusion of the ewe from breeding were relatively low. Heritability estimates were h² = 0.438 for the length of production life in days (LPL), h² = 0.098 for the number of litters of the ewe during her lifetime (NL), h² = 0.111 for the total number of lambs born (TLB), and h2 = 0.103 for the total number of labs weaned (TLW). Correlations between the breeding values for LPL and NL, TLB or TLW were high. Therefore, these indicators of the ewe’s lifelong production, which are more desirable and understandable for sheep breeders, should be used in indirect selection for longevity.
Selected haematological and biochemical parameters in blood of lambs born to maedi-visna virus (MVV) seropositive and seronegative ewes were investigated. The study included 116 lambs born to ewes with MVV antibodies and 111 lambs born from seronegative mothers. The presence of antibodies was determined by ELISA. Blood samples were taken prior to weaning and post-weaning at 18-23 and 80-88 d of age, respectively. The study revealed that age and serological status had a significant effect on most of investigated variables. Lambs from seropositive ewes had significantly lower average white cell counts (P<0.05) than lambs from seronegative ones. A similar relationship was noted for lymphocyte counts; however, granulocyte count was higher in the litter of uninfected ewes. Analysis of red blood cell indices of lambs from seropositive ewes showed significantly higher haematocrit, as well as marked changes in red blood cell volume and corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, compared with those from lambs born to uninfected ewes. There were no significant differences in platelet counts in both groups of lambs, tested on days 18-23; however, significantly lower values were noted in lambs born to seropositive ewes on days 80-88. Lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities and uric acid concentrations were higher in lambs from infected ewes at both time points.
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