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Most of the data concerning PR-10 proteins accumulation in plants under various environmental stress conditions are derived from biochemical analysis of transcript expression or polypeptide accumulation. In the current study, we examined the localization of PR (L1–L6) proteins, belonging to the PR-10 class family, in the root tips of yellow lupine seedlings using histo- and cytochemical methods. Immunohistochemical localization revealed the presence of PR-proteins in all examined yellow lupine root tip tissue, and lead treatment did not change the distribution of proteins in the roots. However, the metal induced a significant increase in the accumulation of PR-proteins in the meristematic cells and procambium tissue. An immunocytochemical approach with immunogold method demonstrated the cytoplasmic nature of the PR-proteins and their increased accumulation after copper treatment. The results confirmed the affiliation of PR (L1– L6) to PR-10 class family proteins, as well as their intracellular localization.
Previously, a stable cell suspension of cucumber tolerant to 100 µM CdCl2 was obtained (Gzyl & Gwóźdź, 2005, Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 80: 59-67). In this study, the relationship between the activity of antioxidant enzymes and cadmium tolerance of cucumber cells was analyzed. A cadmium-sensitive and the cadmium-tolerant cell lines were exposed to 100 µM and 200 µM CdCl2 and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) were determined. In the sensitive cell line, a decrease of total activity of SOD and POX was observed, whereas the activity of CAT and APOX significantly increased in metal-supplemented medium. By contrast, in the tolerant cells, the total activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased (SOD, CAT) or was maintained at approximately the same level (APOX, POX). Moreover, a different pattern of isoenzyme activity was observed in the tolerant and sensitive cells. These results suggest that an enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes is not directly involved in the increased tolerance to cadmium of the selected cucumber cell line.
The state of the environment in Silesia requires methods of agricultural production different from those needed in other parts of Poland. Although Silesia is an industrial region, half of its area is used for agricultural purposes. Most of the arable land in the central part of the province is directly affected by industrial emissions. Boundary areas in Silesia are more polluted than arable areas in the rest of Poland. 49 per cent of the arable land is suitable for cultivation of all plant species, large-leaved edible and fodder plants should not be grown on 43 per cent of the arable land, and 8 per cent of the land in not suitable for planting any edible or fodder plants.
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