Carrying out experiments constitutes a special kind of empirical study of reality. Experimental economy is a process of internal transformation of knowledge applied to economical systems concerning methods of production, decision-making and consumer behaviour. The elements which used to be considered as fixed parameters in the neoclassical approach constitute an object of analyses and clarification of ongoing processes in the evolutionary approach. This paper presents experimental economy, which is becoming more and more popular. The purpose of the first part of the article is to present the essence and meaning of the term “experimental economy” and to reveal the development of this discipline. The second part of the paper is concerned with management as a scientific discipline, with which the author deals on a day-to-day basis. In the final part of the article the author presents a possibility to use experimentation as a tool that can be applied also in management science.
In 2000-07 653 measurements of radon were acquired from houses in Podlasie Province, Poland. In dwelling parts of buildings, arithmetic weighted mean regarding location of the building equal to 72 Bq/m3, which corresponded to 1.8 mSv of the effective dose. Statistically significant differences between radon concentrations in country and city houses were observed. Arithmetic mean of radon concentrations in dwelling parts of houses in rural areas was 111 Bq/m3, while in the city it was 45 Bq/m3. Correlation between radon concentrations in a house and its age was observed. The correlation coefficient was 0.3 at p<0.05.
This paper presents the results of measurements of natural radioactivity of K-40, Ra-226 and Th-232 in building material as well as radon concentrations and dose rates in houses and outdoors. The mean absorbed rate in air outdoors from natural gamma radiation was found to be 40.2 nGyh'1. Doses inside houses made from particular materials were (nGyh '): brick - 102, prefabricate - 89, wood - 88. The mean equivalent concentration of radon indoors was 12 Bqm-3. The calculated annual effective dose equivalent per one statistical inhabitant of "Poland Green Lungs" is 1.61 mSv/year. The doses absorbed by the population in the northeastern region of Poland from natural sources of ionizing radiation are lower than the population-weighted world averages.