In the recent decade in Poland the number of honeybee hives decreased from 2.2 million to some 0.8 million. Despite efforts to improve the situation, this number is not likely to improve in near future. Consequently, it can be expected that breeding other valuable Polish bee species which are equally efficient in pollinating as the honeybee. The studies on loner bees have been gaining momentum and their significance is increasing. The authors indicate the importance of these bees as an element of intensification of agricultural and horticultural production, the most common bee species are also presented.
Flowers produce nutrients, mainly pollen and nectar eaten by many animals. Insects searching for pollen and nectar transfer accidentally the pollen onto the stigma in another flower, cross-pollinating. In Poland, insects are the most numerous pollinating group of animals due to climatic conditions. The author presents coleopterons, dipterans, butterflies and hymenopterans, including bees. The structure of flowers and luring signals (colour and smell) are also dealt with.
Ukazano znaczenie pszczelarstwa dla polskiego rolnictwa, zwracając uwagę przede wszystkim na efekty związane z zapylaniem roślin uprawnych. Określono liczbę pni pszczelich potrzebnych do zapylenia głównych upraw roślin entomofilnych w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim w trzech wariantach. Zwrócono uwagę na potrzebę wspierania rozwoju pszczelarstwa, ze względu na jego wpływ na efektywność produkcji roślinnej.