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Level of reproduction traits of ewes in blackhead sheep and growth of their offspring

100%

Szewczuk M., Lachowski W., Zurawski G., Chocilowicz E., Czerniawska-Piatkowska E.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

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2011

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tom 10

|

nr 2

The investigations were carried out in a sheepfold located in the Pomeranian Province, Poland. Sheep were evaluated in terms of reproduction traits of ewes, nursing success, and the weight at birth of their lambs. The herd achieved a generally high level of reproduction traits, similar to reference values for the breed published by the Polish Sheep BreedingAssociation for the years 2005–2009. The mean fertility index for the studied period remained at a level 78.2%, prolificacy 133.8%, and lamb nursing success 86.8%, whereas the mean index of reproduction performance was 90.8%. Equally high values were observed for the growth of the offspring. Until 75 days of age, both body weight and daily gains of singles were higher compared to those of lambs born from multiple births. The ram lambs attained higher body weight and daily gains as compared to the ewe lambs of the same age.

2

The effect of achene heteromorphism on progeny traits in the shaggy soldier [Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S. F. Blake]

100%

Kucewicz M., Gojlo E., Kowalska A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2010

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tom 63

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nr 2

The shaggy soldier [Galinsoga ciliata (Rafin) S. F. Blake], family Asteraceae] is an invasive species that poses a growing threat to crop production. This annual plant produces heteromorphic achenes in a capitulum type inflorescence. The objective of this study was to compare selected morphological and phenological parameters and the success of generative reproduction in plants developed from peripheral and central achenes of the capitulum. The somatic variability of G. ciliata diaspores contributed to differences in the growth rates, development and fertility of the resulting populations. The progeny of central diaspores developed at a slower rate than the individuals derived from peripheral achenes, but at the end of their life cycle, the offspring of dimorphic achenes formed homogenous groups as regards height values. On average, the initial phenophases of G. ciliata plants derived from central achenes began one day later, and they entered the flowering stage eight days later than the individuals developed from peripheral seeds. At the initial growth stage (experimental day 65 to 83), the progeny of central achenes produced fewer capitula. On day 133, the individual fertility of the plants derived from central diaspores was 10% higher on average in comparison with the offspring of peripheral achenes.

3

Cytogenetic variation in tissue culture-derived Hypericum perforatum L. plants and their seed progenies

100%

Brutovska R., Cellarova E., Dolezel J.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach

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1998

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tom 1696

4

The anther-culture response of triticale line x tester progenies

100%

Marciniak K., Kaczmarek Z., Adamski T., Surma M.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2003

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tom 08

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nr 2

Seven triticale cultivars (Ampiac, Aubrac, Trinidad, Ticino, Lamberto, Pronto and Prado) and their F1 hybrids obtained after crossing in a line x tester scheme were examined with respect to their androgenetic effectiveness. The embryo induction rate (number of embryos per 100 anthers), green plant regeneration rate (number of green plantlets per 100 embryos), plant yield (number of green and albino plantlets per 100 anthers) and green plant yield (number of green plantlets per 100 anthers) were assessed. The multivariate and univariate effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities for the studied traits were estimated and tested. Significant differences between the genotypes were found for individual traits as well as for all the traits treated jointly. Hybrids generally showed a better response in anther culture than their parental genotypes. Heterosis effects were observed in some hybrids for embryo induction rate and green plant yield. GCA and SCA variances were significant and a dominance of the GCA over the SCA variation was found. Among the examined cultivars, Ticino and Pronto were characterised by positive and significant GCA for embryo induction and green plant yield, and these cultivars may be recommended for the improvement of anther culture responsiveness in triticale.

5

The progeny of two crosses of Phaeosphaeria nodorum

100%

Halama P., Skajennikoff M., Rapilly F.

Hodowla Roślin, Aklimatyzacja i Nasiennictwo

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1994

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tom 38

|

nr 3-4

6

The effect of selection for traits of low heritability conducted in noninbred populations on the basis of progeny or performance tests

100%

Sobczynska M., Kownacki M.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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1995

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tom 36

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nr 2

The investigations were carried out to compare selection conducted on the basis of progeny with that on the basis of animals'own performance. Selection was conducted for the body weight at weaning (at the age of 21 days), which is a trait of low heritability (h²=0.1). It was run throughout 15 generations, whereas in generations 13 and 14 three experimental replicas were crossed to obtain population free of inbreeding. A cumulated response to selection was higher in the group selected on the basis of animals' own performance, but after crossing the replicas it decreased clearly in the both groups. The cumulated selection differential was higher in the group selected on the basis of animals' own performance. However, a statistical analysis of the obtained results showed no significant difference between the two selection methods.

7

Effect of sodium selenite injection on selenium and magnesium concentrations in the blood serum of ewes and their offspring

100%

Bik D.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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1999

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tom 43

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nr 2

The study was performed on pregnant ewes and their progeny. The experimental group of ewes was given injections of 5 mg selenium in the form of sodium selenite. The sodium selenite s.c. injections resulted in monre than a triple, significant increase in the selenium level in ewes, at the first month as compared to the initial concentration of 0.42±0.11 to 1.38±0.21 μmol/l. Also in lambs a marked increase in selenium was noticed in the first and fifth weeks of life, but the levels of this element were by a half lower than in their mothers. Moreover, considerable diminution of magnesium concentration was observed in both groups: from 1.05±0.05 to 0.82±0.07 mmol/l in Group 1 of ewes in the second month following Na₂SeO₃ injection, and from 0.94±0.05 to 0.82±0.08 mmol/l in lambs, in the ninth week.

8

Evaluation of the effect of pectin preparation addition on the reproduction results of dams and the growth of their offspring

84%

Lachowski W., Sablik P., Szarkowski K., Szewczuk M., Rzewucka-Wojcik E.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

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2011

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tom 10

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nr 2

The research material consisted of 87 Suffolk ewes divided into control (1) and experimental (2) groups. Both groups were fed farm feeds according to DLG standards.Animals from the experimental group were given an addition of the nutritional pectin concentrate with an immunological effect (KO) produced on the basis of apple pectins. Dams were given approx. 10 g per animal per day of the preparation mixed with concentrate every 7 days during tupping, every 3 days during pregnancy and everyday during the rearing of lambs. Lambs were reared with their dams. From 14 days of age their diet was supplemented with the evaluated preparation mixed with oat meal and then with concentrate at the amount of 10% of a given feed. Reproduction results of 87 ewes including fertility, prolificacy, rearing of lambs and reproduction indices were evaluated. Based on the body weight of lambs at 2 days after birth and at the age of 1 month, 56 and 90 days, as well as on the daily body weight gains in the individual examined periods, the evaluation of the growth of the offspring being reared was performed. In the statistical analysis of the obtained results, Student’s t-test (addition of preparation) was applied. It was found that dams from both groups were characterised by similar and very low fertility (54.7–58.2%). The applied pectin preparation significantly (P≤0.01) affected the value of the prolificacy index of the examined sheep. In this respect, the ewes from experimental group were over 32 per cent better than the ewes from the control group. Similar tendency was observed for the rearing of lambs and the values of reproduction indices. The offspring of both groups of dams weighed at 2 days after birth had similar body weight. From 1 month of age a significant advantage of lambs from experimental group was observed both in respect of body weight and daily body weight gains.At the last weighing at 90 days of age, lambs given the KO preparation were significantly heavier (P≤0.01) than their age mates from group 1. In the whole experiment, lambs from group 2 were characterised by approx. 26 g higher body weight gains (P≤0.05) compared to lambs from group 1 and the values of the growth rate indices for animals in both groups were similar.

9

Inbreeding and offspring sex ratio in the pygmy hippopotamus (Cheoropsis liberiensis) population kept in zoological gardens

84%

Graczyk M., Cwiertnia P., Borowska A., Barczak E., Szwaczkowski T.

Folia Biologica

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 1

10

Apomictic progeny of Capsicum annuum L. androgenic haploid - phenotypic and molecular analysis

84%

Nowaczyk L., Nowaczyk P., Olszewska D., Niklas-Nowak A.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 1

11

Application DNA fingerprint analysis for identification of mixed groups of Siberian sturgeon [Acipenser baeri Brandt]

84%

Fopp-Bayat D.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2009

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tom 24

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nr 3

169-176

DNA finferprinting analysis based on microsatellites was applied for separation of mixed gynogenetic offspring of Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri) and individuals from commercial production. Variation at 11 microsatellite DNA loci was surveyed for parent of gynogenetic offspring. Thus microsatellite DNA profiles in studied loci were known and this key-point was aplied in segregation analysis of mixed fish. In results 108 individuals of 281 studied were verified as gynogenetic offspring. The present survey of microsatellite variation demonstrated a reliable tool for separation of mixed group of fish.

12

Pathological changes in pregnant female mice and offspring in the course of vertical transmission of Babesia microti - an experimental model

84%

Tolkacz K., Rodo A., Zajkowska J., Bajer A., Bednarska M.

Annals of Parasitology

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2016

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tom 62

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nr Suppl.

13

Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation provokes depressive-like behavior and influences the irisin/brain-derived neurotrophic factor axis and inflammatory factors in male and female offspring in rats

84%

Gawlinska K., Gawlinski D., Przegalinski E., Filip M.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

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2019

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tom 70

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nr 3

14

Effect of predator-induced maternal stress during gestation on growth in root voles Microtus oeconomus

84%

Bian J., Wu Y., Liu J.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

473-482

We studied the effect of maternal stress evoked by a severe stressor from the cues of predation risk during gestation on the growth of offspring in root volesMicrotus oeconomus Pallas, 1776. Body mass of both male and female offspring was significantly reduced in the period from birth to weaning. Females showed compensatory growth after weaning, whereas males maintained low body mass at weaning into adulthood. Maternal stress led to an elevated plasma corticosterone level in male offspring, but did not affect that of female offspring. Corticosterone levels remained elevated in males from stressed dams into adulthood. Increased levels of plasma corticosterone may have led to the inhibition of pituitary growth hormone and a chronically abnormal energy mobilization, considering the greater energy and metabolic requirements of male offspring, this may account for the sex-specific differences in compensatory growth. We suggest that in the high stress situation, endocrine-based sex-biased effects of maternal stress as a primary factor can lead to long-term physical and ecological consequences for male offspring.

15

Autovegetative reproduction in conservation and selective cultivation of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst of Istebna race

84%

Rylski K.

Dendrobiology

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2004

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tom 51 Supplement

The paper discusses the results of rooting experiments conducted with the cuttings obtained from 8-year-old spruce trees of Istebna race. The studies investigated the effects of endogenous factors, such as the place of extraction, length and origin of cuttings, and an exogenous factor, which is a rooting stimulus.

16

Mortality of ewes and their progeny in a flock infected with maedi-visna virus

84%

Lipecka C., Junkuszew A., Kuzmak J., Gruszecki T. M., Olech M.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2011

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tom 55

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nr 3

The objective of the present research was the analysis of chosen factors contributing to mortality of ewes and their lambs from a flock naturally infected with maedi-visna virus (MVV). 1,406 mother sheep and their 2,234 progeny of two synthetic prolific- meat lines BCP and SCP and Suffolk breed were investigated. Summing up the research results concerning mortality of dams and lambs in a MVV-infected flock, a hypothesis on virus detrimental effect on production traits and consequently economic situation of sheep industry has been supported. The study findings highlighted some hazards related to the virus presence in a herd and losses produced, and they may aid in the development of appropriate virus eradication strategies. Such programmes should include, among others, shortening the exploitation period of infected animals up to 3-4 years, replacement of culled sheep with animals from MVV- free flocks and finally, including the infection factor to selection procedures of dams and their progeny.

17

ENSO affects sex ratio progeny in captive Iberian red deer despite a steady feeding regime

84%

Estevez J. A., Landete-Castillejos T., Garcia A. J., Gaspar-Lopez E., Ceacero F., Gallego L.

Acta Theriologica

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2011

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tom 56

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nr 4

Climate variability greatly affects animals through direct and indirect effects. Animals with slow reproductive adaptation to ecological changes such as large mammals are likely to have evolved mechanisms to anticipate early such impacts of climate variability on the environment. One of the adaptive mechanisms between reproductive costs and benefits in mammals affects parental investment through biases in sex ratio. Deer might be likely to show an early detection of climate variability because conception takes place in early autumn, but the main raising cost in deer concerns lactation, which takes place at the end of the following spring. The aim of this paper is to assess whether there is a relationship between global indices of climate variability such as El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and sex ratio of a captive population of deer. Results showed that there was a negative correlation (r=−0.65) between sex ratio and ENSO indices between 1996 and 2008. El Niño enhances drier conditions during the summer in the Iberia Peninsula, which in turn favours a female bias. Results also suggest that the mechanism of early detection of climate variability exerts a strong effect on female reproductive physiology because the long-term stability of food resources in our setting has not markedly reduced it.

18

Ocena buhajów na podstawie wartosci osobniczej ich synów odchowanych w latach 1980-1983 w centralnej wychowalni buhajów w Lubiance

84%

Kamieniecki H., Kawczynska M.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

|

1990

|

tom 395

The respective investigations were carried out on 16 groups of bull sires, lathers of the subsequent generation of reproductors, including 13 groups of bulls of the Polish black-and-white breed (BW), 2 groups of purebreed Holstein-Friesian (HF) and 1 group of interbreed crosses (BW x HF). The total number of sons amounted to 427 heads and the numbers of groups varied from 9 to 74 sons. The results obtained prove a highly significant (P ≤ 0,01) effect of fathers on the body weight of sons on the 120th, 300th and 400th day of life, body weight gains from the 121st to the 400th day of life, height at withers and chest girth. The best results with regard to the traits analyzed were obtained by sons of the Centaur bull, a purebreed Holstein-Friesian and the worst by sons of the black-and-white Rolek bull.

19

Effect of different diets fed to a breeder flock of game pheasants on meat traits of their offspring

84%

Kokoszynski D., Bernacki Z., Lawski K., Korytkowska H.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Zootechnica

|

2011

|

tom 10

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nr 2

The study was carried out with 51 game pheasants derived from parents that were fed during the reproductive period with a commercial feed mixture (25 birds) or feed mixture and whole maize grain (26 birds). Pheasants were kept in a confined facility, without regard to sex, in cages on plastic mesh floor for the first three weeks and in pens on straw later on. During the study, offspring received commercial feed mixtures for pheasants or turkeys. The introduction of whole maize grain in the ration of parent pheasants reduced the body weight of their offspring except at 12 weeks of age. In addition, it caused significant decreases in the length of trunk with neck, lower thigh and shank, and chest circumference in 4-week-old pheasants, and in the length of trunk with neck, trunk and lower thigh in 18-week-old birds. Dressing percentage was high in both groups and exceeded 72%. The proportion of breast muscles was higher in the carcasses of pheasants derived from parents fed a low-protein diet with whole maize grain (31.0 vs. 29.0%). Areverse relationship was found for the proportion of leg muscles in the carcass with neck (23.5 vs. 24.0%). The proportion of skin with subcutaneous fat was similar in both experimental groups (6.4 vs. 6.3%).

20

Plasma testosterone profile of male Tawny Owls Strix aluco in relation to breeding density, breeding experience, and offspring provision

84%

Sasvari L., Peczely P., Hegyi Z.

Acta Ornithologica

|

2009

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tom 44

|

nr 1

The role of plasma testosterone in territorial behavior and breeding success, which has not previously been examined in nocturnal raptors, was studied in male Tawny Owls. Blood was collected for testosterone analysis during the territorial and nestling periods from owls breeding in nest boxes in Duna-Ipoly National Park, Hungary. Testosterone levels, defense activity, prey supply for broods and reproductive performance were related to breeding density and breeding experience of males. Defense activity, as measured by responses to broadcasted hooting calls and dummy owls during the territorial period, correlated positively with testosterone concentration. Males with more breeding experience had high testosterone levels and occupied better territories in dense breeding areas than less experienced males which had low testosterone concentrations. Mate fidelity was linked male quality: females were more likely to be tenacious in good territories. Testosterone levels dropped between territorial and feeding periods, however males with higher concentrations fed nestlings more frequently with high mass prey per night because food was more abundant in territories they had secured. We suggest that differences in testosterone levels in the provisioning period are related to the males' abilities to acquire territories of different quality.

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