Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Experimental ochratoxicosis A in chickens. Histopathological and histochemical study

100%

Kozaczynski W.

Archivum Veterinarium Polonicum

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1994

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tom 34

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nr 3-4

2

The elimination of ochratoxin A by lactic acid bacteria strains

100%

Piotrowska M., Zakowska Z.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2005

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tom 54

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nr 4

The aim of this study was to examine 29 strains of lactic acid bacteria of the Lactobacillus and Lactococcus genera, assessing their sensitivity to ochratoxin A and their ability to remove it from a liquid medium. It was demonstrated that most strains are insensitive to the presence of OTA at the quantity of 5 μg/disc. It was demonstrated that all strains caused a reduction of the toxin amount in the liquid medium. The highest decrease, exceeding 50% of the initial OTA content, was caused by the strains Lactobacillus acidophilus CH-5, L. rhamnosus GG, L. plantarum BS, L. brevis and L. sanfranciscensis. The example of three selected strains confirmed the negative effect of the toxin on the dynamics of bacterial growth. A sharp decrease of ochratoxin A was observed during the first 15 hours of culture growth. In the course of cultivation the amount of the toxin in the medium increased, indicating that the toxin elimination is partially reversible. A small quantity of ochratoxin A became bound to the bacterial biomass.

3

Occurrence of AF, AFB1, OTA in rice commercialized in eastern Turkey

72%

Buyukunal S. K., Kahraman T., Ciftcioglu G. R.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 5

A total of 100 rice samples were collected from five provinces (Kars, Agri, Erzurum, Igdir, and Ardahan) in eastern Turkey. Samples were investigated for total aflatoxin (AF), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), and ochratoxin A (OTA) levels. The results show that AF levels in 65 (65.0%), AFB1 levels in 35 (35.0%), and OTA levels in 38 (38.0%) of 100 samples were higher than the detection limits. AF and AFB1 levels in all samples were at tolerable limits. OTA levels in 3 samples have been found higher than the legal limits. The highest OTA level in the samples was found in winter season due to climatic conditions, especially relative humidity. Additionally, rice is mainly contaminated by AF, AFB1 and OTA. In Turkey, contamination in rice could be a relatively critical point for human health. Therefore, it is necessary to have an appropriate method for cereal preservation during distribution to consumers and markets.

4

Occurrence of ochratoxin A in beer and wine samples

72%

Polak M., Gut D., Zaleska A., Kubiak M. S.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2011

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tom 61

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nr Suppl.1

5

The biotransformation of chosen mycotoxins

72%

Gajecka M., Jakimiuk E., Zielonka L., Obremski K., Gajecki M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2009

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tom 12

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nr 2

293-303

Despite the unfavourable influence of mycotoxins on human and animal health and few toxi- cological aspects that have been documented, about these biologically active substances has not been explored. Aiming at more knowledge and a better understanding of the effects and mechanism of mycotoxin action in mammals would provide the basics for developing strategies to restrain different mycotoxicoses. One of the processes not fully understood is biotransformation, to which mycotoxins are subjected the animal organism. Biotransformation is the conversion of mycotoxins to non-toxic metabolites and occurs mostly in the intestinal mucosal membrane and liver, although other tissues and systems also take part in this process. Mycotoxin biotransformation reactions can be considered bioinactivation or detoxication, but mycotoxin biotransformation processes could also result in products more toxic than the mycotoxin. It can be concluded from research studies that our knowledge of mycotoxin biotransformation is scarce.

6

An attempt at inactivation of ochratoxin A in pigs’ feed with two feed-added adsorbents

72%

Jarczyk A., Bancewicz E., Jedryczko R.

Animal Science Papers and Reports

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2008

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tom 26

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nr 4

Twenty fattened gilts aged about 170 days and weighing 90-100 kg were used in a 14-days feeding experiment (4 groups of 5 animals). Gilts of all groups were offered 3 kg of balanced feed daily. Feed used for control group (C) was free from ochratoxin A (OTA) and from mycotoxins ZEN, AFT, DON,while that for all experimental groups (E1, E2, E3) contained 32,2 μg naturally ocurring OTA/kg.Feed used for group E1 contained an additive of 0.3 kg activated charcoal while that for group E2 – 0.125 kg aluminosilicate/100 kg. Feed used for E3 group contained no OTA-inactivating agents.The post-slaughter laboratory analyses were done of blood serum, kidney, liver and longissimus dorsi muscle. All E groups showed similar concentrations of OTA in the examined tissues. Concentration of 32.2 μg OTA/kg feed offered led neither to disease in gilts nor to increase of the creatinine and urea nitrogen level in their blood sera. Both adsorbents did not lead to decrease in micro- and macroelements in the sera of gilts. It is concluded that adsorption of OTA was not effective in its inactivation when adsorbents were used in the applied dozes.

7

Effect of DAS, ZEA and OTA mycotoxins on the fermentation activity of brewing yeast

72%

Foszczynska B., Dziuba E., Chmielewska J., Kawa-Rygielska J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Biotechnology

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2008

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tom 11

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nr 1

8

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Effect of mycotoxins DAS, ZEA and OTA on the growth of brewing yeast

72%

Dziuba E., Foszczynska B., Stempniewicz R.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2007

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tom 57

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nr 4[A]

123-129

The aim of the study was to assess how different concentrations of diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) affect the growth of 4 brewing yeast strains in the model medium YEPG. Determinations were carried out for the following parameters: specific growth rate, duration of the log phase, and biomass yield. The results of the study showed that OTA exerted no toxic effect over the concentration range of 2.5 to 50 μg/mL. ZEA had an adverse influence on yeast growth only following application of the highest doses (50 and 100 μg/mL). DAS showed the highest toxicity, which inhibited the growth of all strains examined, even at the lowest concentration (2.5 μg/mL) applied. Each of the brewing yeasts strains showed a specific sensitivity to the toxins. The strains S. carlsbergensis 13 and S. cerevisiae 46 were found to be the least resistance, particularly to DAS.

9

Ochratoxin A in grain dust - estimated exposure and relations to agricultural practices in grain production

72%

Halstensen A. S., Nordby K. C., Elen O., Eduard W.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2004

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tom 11

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nr 2

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a nephrotoxin frequently contaminating grains. OTA inhalation during grain handling may therefore represent a health risk to farmers, and was the subject of this study. Airborne and settled grain dust was collected during grain work on 84 Norwegian farms. Climate and agricultural practices on each farm were registered. Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. and OTA in settled dust were measured. Settled dust contained median 4 µg OTA/kg dust (range 2-128), correlating with Penicillium spp. (median 40 cfu/mg; range 0-32000, rs=0.33; p<0.01). Similar levels were found across grain species, districts and agricultural practices. Penicillium levels, but not OTA levels, were higher in storage than in threshing dust (p=0.003), and increased with storage time (rs=0.51, p<0.001). Farmers were exposed to median 1 mg/m3 (range 0.2-15) dust during threshing and median 7 mg/m3 (range 1-110) dust during storage work, equalling median 3.7 pg/m3 (range 0.6-200) and median 40 pg/m3 (range 2-14000) OTA, respectively (p<0.001). Agricultural practices could not predict OTA, Penicillium or Aspergillus contamination. Compared to oral intake of OTA, the inhalant exposure during grain work was low, although varying by more than 1,000-fold. However, the farmers may occasionally be highly exposed, particularly during handling of stored grain.

10

Prevalence of microscopic filamentous fungi in poultry processing plant and concentration of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A in eggs

72%

Laciakova A., Mate D., Pipova M., Pastorova B., Laciak V., Bakosova A.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2001

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tom 45

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nr 1

The composition of mycoflora in storage rooms, and other rooms in a poultry-processing plant, as well as on the surfaces of egg shells was observed. The concentrations of both aflatoxin B₁ and ochratoxin A were determined in the shell eggs at room temperature and humidity, at a higher temperature and humidity, and in the eggs previously contaminated by Aspergillus flavus. We found that there was a reciprocal correlation between the presence of microscopic filamentous fungi in the air and on the working tables (Cladosporium spp. 45.5%, Penicillium spp. 36.4%, Mucor spp. 9.0%). The penetration of mycotoxins through the egg shell was relatively low and the residue limit of aflatoxin B₁ allowed (5 μg.kg⁻¹) was not exceeded in any sample of egg tested. However, the residue limit of ochratoxin A (20 μg.kg⁻¹) was exceeded in one case.

11

Experimental ochratoxicosis in chickens. Immunological study

72%

Kozaczynski W.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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1994

|

tom 38

|

nr 1

12

The occurrence of ochratoxin A in the blood serum of pigs from the North-Eastern region of Poland

72%

Jarczyk A., Bancewicz E., Jedryczko R.

Annals of Animal Science. Supplement

|

2001

|

nr 1

13

Capacity of blood albumins to bind ochratoxin A and roridin A

72%

Grajewski J., Moraczewska J., Fogt K., Twaruzek M.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2008

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tom 64

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nr 05

The study concerned the ability of human (HSA), pig (PSA) and sheep (SSA) blood serum albumins to bind ochratoxin A (OTA) and roridin A (RoA). Fluorescence spectorscopy and cytotoxicity test MTT with swine kidney cells (SK), susceptible to a wide range of mycotoxins, were used for the evaluation of the mycotoxin-albumin complexes. OTA was found to bind strongly to all the studied albumins, but the nature of the binding was found to be different in all three cases. Binding abilities corresponded with the results of the cytotoxicity test MTT. It was not possible to analyze roridin A with the fluorescence method, since this toxin is nonfluorescent. The MTT test results showed that RoA did not bind to the albumins of any of the examined species and was strongly toxic to the cells. The new complexes OTA created with HSA and PSA are so strong that they may be used as biomarkers for diagnostic purposes.

14

Growth of Penicillium verrucosum and production of ochratoxin A on nonsterilized wheat grain incubated at different temperatures and water content

72%

Czaban J., Wroblewska B., Stochmal A., Janda B.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2006

|

tom 55

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nr 4

The results of two experiments with wheat grain inoculated with Penicillium verrucosum are reported. In Experiment I, wheat grain, containing 10, 20 and 30% water, was incubated for 2 weeks at 10, 15, 21 and 28°C. In Experiment II, wheat grain, containing 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22% water, was incubated for 2 weeks at 10, 15, and 20°C. At initial moisture content (IMC) of the wheat grain up to 16% neither P. verrucosum growth nor ochratoxin A (OTA) formation were observed. In the range of IMC from 18% to 22% both the fungal growth and OTA synthesis were distinct, and the parameters were higher at higher temperature in the range 10-21°C. A temperature of 28°C was probably too high for proper metabolism of the fungus, including OTA formation. OTA formation was distinctly related to P. verrucosum abundance in the temperature range 10-21°C, expressed both as the counts of fungal colony forming units (CFU) on agar DYSG medium and diameters of the fungal colonies growing around the wheat kernels placed on the surface of DYSG medium. OTA formation and abundance of P. verrucosum were negatively correlated with the percentage of wheat kernels, placed on DYSG medium, with growing colonies of fungi different from P. verrucosum. CFU counts of P. verrucosum on the wheat grain were significantly related to the diameter of the fungal colonies growing around the wheat kernels placed on DYSG medium. The relationship is described by an exponential regression equation.

15

Ochratoxin in mineral and foetal blood and in maternal milk

72%

Postupolski J., Karlowski K., Kubik P.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

|

2006

|

tom 57

|

nr 1

Ochratoxin A (OA) levels were measured in blood serum of mothers foetuses and in mothers ' milk. The mean concentration of OA in maternal serum was 1.14 ng/ml and in umbilical cord blood serum it was 1.96 ng/ml. The mean ratio of OA concentrations in maternal and foetal blood serum was 1.96. In maternal milk OA was found in 5 out of 13 studied samples. The mean intake of OA with mother s milk was not exceeding the tolerable daily intake for adults, nevertheless it was near 60% of TDI. The OA concentration ratio in maternal blood serum versus that in milk was 0.0058 on average. These results confirm the correlation between OA concentration maternal and foetal blood serum, and between OA concentration in maternal serum and milk.

16

Determination of mycotoxins in Polish beer

58%

Blajet-Kosicka A., Kosicki R., Twaruzek M., Grajewski J.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2011

|

tom 61

|

nr Suppl.1

17

Stan fizjologiczny drożdży piwowarskich w czasie fermentacji brzeczek skażonych mykotoksynami. Cz.2: DAS i OTA

58%

Foszczynska B., Dziuba E.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Biotechnologia

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2007

|

tom 06

|

nr 2

18

Ocena bezpieczenstwa na podstawie wynikow badan monitoringowych zawartosci ochratoksyny A w slodzie i piwie

58%

Rybinska K., Postupolski J., Ledzion E., Kurpinska-Jaworska J., Szczesna M., Karlowski K.

Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna

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2008

|

tom 41

|

nr 3

479-483

19

Degradation of ochratoxin A by Lactobacillus acidophilus K1

58%

Mazurkiewicz J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Biotechnology

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2011

|

tom 14

|

nr 2

20

Accumulation of mycotoxins in forage of winter pasture during prolonged utilisation of sward

58%

Golinski P., Kostecki M., Golinska B., Golinska B. T., Golinski P. K.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

|

2003

|

tom 06

|

nr 2

Ograniczanie wyników

Experimental ochratoxicosis A in chickens. Histopathological and histochemical study

The elimination of ochratoxin A by lactic acid bacteria strains

Occurrence of AF, AFB1, OTA in rice commercialized in eastern Turkey

Occurrence of ochratoxin A in beer and wine samples

The biotransformation of chosen mycotoxins

An attempt at inactivation of ochratoxin A in pigs’ feed with two feed-added adsorbents

Effect of DAS, ZEA and OTA mycotoxins on the fermentation activity of brewing yeast

Effect of mycotoxins DAS, ZEA and OTA on the growth of brewing yeast

Ochratoxin A in grain dust - estimated exposure and relations to agricultural practices in grain production

Prevalence of microscopic filamentous fungi in poultry processing plant and concentration of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A in eggs

Experimental ochratoxicosis in chickens. Immunological study

The occurrence of ochratoxin A in the blood serum of pigs from the North-Eastern region of Poland

Capacity of blood albumins to bind ochratoxin A and roridin A

Growth of Penicillium verrucosum and production of ochratoxin A on nonsterilized wheat grain incubated at different temperatures and water content

Ochratoxin in mineral and foetal blood and in maternal milk

Determination of mycotoxins in Polish beer

Stan fizjologiczny drożdży piwowarskich w czasie fermentacji brzeczek skażonych mykotoksynami. Cz.2: DAS i OTA

Ocena bezpieczenstwa na podstawie wynikow badan monitoringowych zawartosci ochratoksyny A w slodzie i piwie

Degradation of ochratoxin A by Lactobacillus acidophilus K1

Accumulation of mycotoxins in forage of winter pasture during prolonged utilisation of sward