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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of market economy conditions on the economic results of fish farms. Data collected from 1992 to 1998 were analyzed. Sample sizes for various indices, separately for pond and lake farms, ranged from 69 to 123. Six indices were chosen for the analyses, including financial liquidity (current and rapid), cost level, return (on sales and total assets) and labor efficiency. The direction and statistical significance of trends were evaluated using correlation coefficients. No negative trends were observed for any index, while positive trends were found for the following: index of current financial liquidity; rapid liquidity index; labor efficiency for lake farms; return on total assets and labor efficiency for pond farms. The overall economic efficiency was higher for pond farms.
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Credit guarantee funds which, along with other subjects, constitute business environment institutions, target their offer at SME sector in order to support the development of local enterprises. SME sector has peculiar internal and external conditions that hinder or limit the access to the external financing. The aim of this article is to picture the issue of access to the external financing such as bank credits and loans by the SME sector and to present the role of credit guarantee funds in this scope. The thesis statement of this article is as follows: the activity of guarantee funds contributes to the increasing fulfillment of the SME sector loan demand which might increase its competitiveness and lead to its further development. The article includes an analysis of the subject literature and is based on the publications concerning functioning of SME sector and an analysis of the data on the basis of the statistic data publicized in annual reports.
In the last years Ukraine has allocated considerable, with respect to their load on the budget, financial resources for agricultural support. However the significant increases of budgetary support do not substantially influence the effectiveness indices nor agricultural yields. Such information testifies to an imperfect nature of the internal support mechanism of Ukrainian agriculture. As the result, the domestic support did not become an effective stimulus for a production quality increase nor for a rise in the stock breeding production. In 2008 Ukraine gathered the biggest grain harvest. Increased production did not improve the financial results of agriculture and did not produce a stable and dynamic branch development because of the negative influence of world finance crises. Unbalanced supply and demand for agricultural production, low buying ability of inhabitants, lack of branch effective mechanism of domestic support caused complications of price situation in the domestic food market.
The study investigates relationship between monetary poverty and demographic and socio-economic characteristics of farmers’ households in Poland. The empirical analyses are based on the Household Budget Survey carried out by the Central Statistical Office. In order to indicate the group of high risk of poverty binary choice models are applied. Unlike simple arrangements presented in tables these methods allow estimate of “pure” effects of household attributes. The analysis of determinants of poverty provides meaningful insight into the relevance of various policies, such as the feasibility of using targeting devices.
In the paper, common relationships among agricultural income, final production and reserves of agricultural and non-agricultural products were defined in individual agricultural farms. Only 31% of the variability of agricultural income in individual farms was explained by the variability of average values of non-agricultural products´ reserves, which is a rather small relationship. The increase of agricultural lands appeared with the growing value of reserves altogether. At the same time, the increase in value of plant and animal production by 1 PLN was associated with a very similar increase in the general value of reserves, a bit higher in plant production. The variability of cereal reserves was explained by the cereal reserves at the beginning of the year, the area of cereal growing, the number of large cattle and pigs´ units and the average cereal crop. Moreover, the variability of potato reserves was explained by potato reserves at the beginning of the year, the potato crop and area of potato growing as well as the number of work-hours which family members and their guests had spent on farm labor. The variability of final gross production per 1 hectare of agricultural land (AL) was explained by the value of agricultural machines and tools, the expenses of plant and animal production, the average state of agricultural reserves, the average state of non-agricultural reserves and an average cereal crop.
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