In a field experiment on loess soil, the influence of four ways of pre-sowing cultivation and of differentiation of soil compaction by tractor passages on some physical features of soil was estimated. As a result of pre-sowing spring ploughing the soil in these variants showed the lowest density and highest total porosity compared to the soil cultivated with rototiiler and cultivator. The increase in soil density and the decrease in total porosity was caused by soil compaction as a result of the tractor passages. The capacity of macropores decreased while the capacity of micropores increased considerably.
Based on the results from a three-year field trial the effect of preplant nitrogen, sowing date, weeding method, method of second nitrogen application, and micronutrients application on growth, development, yield and crop quality was estimated. The experiment crop was naked oats cv. Akt. The increase of pre-plant nitrogen rate from 40 to 70 kg N•ha-1 resulted in 16% grain and protein yield increase. It was found that the yield of oats from delayed sowing date was by 11% lower compared to early date. Delayed sowing favourably affected protein content. Compared to mechanical weeding application of herbicides caused yield increase by 250 kg grain•ha-1. Application of the second nitrogen rate to the soil (30 kg N•h-1) resulted in a grain yield increase by 8% and a protein content increase by 0.6% compared to foliar nutrition (7 kg N•h-1). No effects of micronutrients application on yield and quality of grain were found.