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Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na stężenie dwutlenku siarki w powietrzu w Polsce

100%
Kicinska B.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2001
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tom 28
There has been presented the impact of the direction of the air masses advection and the type of atmospheric pressure on the concentration of SO₂ in Poland. The daily data from 54 measurement taken in the years 1993-1997 have been analysed. It has been proved that atmospheric circulation has a strong influence on the air pollution with SO₂ in Poland. The role of the direction of air masses advection is stronger than the role of the type of atmospheric pressure. In Northern Poland and Upper Silesia the high concentration of SO₂ is caused by the advection of air masses from South-East, the low concentration - by the advection from North-West. In the South-East and the South-West of Poland the negative role of the advection from South-West and West increases and so does the positive role of the advection from North-East. The mean and maximum values of the concentration of SO₂ connected with the advection from directions mentioned above as harmful may be even a few times as big as these values connected with the advection from directions good for low concentration of SO₂. The dependence the mean daily concentration of SO₂ from the direction of advection is the strongest in Upper Silesia and at the sea-shore. There has been calculated how far the mean daily concentration of SO₂ can exceed the given values (including the values in accordance with standards), by different directions of the air masses advection. All the stations, where the concentrations of SO₂ have been found to exceed these norms, have been included in this calculations. The results may be used in forecasting of the concentration of SO₂ in these towns by different synoptic situations. Taking into account the data from many stations and describing the dependence of the concentration of SO₂ from the direction of the air masses advection in different regions in Poland allow to widen the results onto the areas where there have been no observations.
2
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Wpływ rzeźby i pokrycia terenu na zróżnicowanie klimatu lokalnego okolic Pińczowa

51%
Zmudzka E., Kicinska B., Olszewski K.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2000
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tom 27
In the 1990s, the Chair of Climatology of Warsaw University conducted studies of the local climate in the Nida Basin (vicinity of Pińczów). Compared to the neighbouring areas, the researched area is characterised by specific climatic features. At the same time, this is a region with marked differences in the climatic conditions on the local scale. This results from the diversity of substratum formations, presence of large forest complexes, water bodies and areas transformed by man. The study comprised mapping, which produced a map of topoclimates in the 1 :25000 scale. In addition, meteorological observations were carried out, which allowed to develop a qualitative profile of thermal and humidity conditions in the individual units. The impact of the relief and land cover on the spatial differentiation of climate constituents in various synoptic situations was also defined. The main characteristic feature of the region's relief is the wide Nida Valley. As a concave landform, it is susceptible to the downflow of chilled air from the neighbouring areas, as a result forming pockets of chilled air to the point of reaching an inversion of temperature. At the same time, the wet soils occurring in the valley's bottom are characterised by good thermal conductivity, which can result in delaying the beginning of the occurrence of ground thermal inversion and reducing diurnal amplitude of ground and air temperature. The Pińczów and the Wodzisław hummocks surrounding the valley do not represent so spatially condensed topoclimatic units, which is due to the varied exposure and steepness of slopes, as well as to its surface formations. It is primarily the slopes of the Pińczów Hummock that enjoy favourable thermal conditions. The spacious forest complexes, which occupy large areas on the slopes of both hummocks and smaller ones in the Nida Valley, provide an additional diversity to the topoclimatic conditions.
3
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Badania topoklimatyczne Zakładu Klimatologii

51%
Kicinska B., Olszewski K., Zmudzka E.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2001
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tom 28
An important stream of research conducted at the department of Climatology of the University of Warsaw is constituted by the study of climate on a local scale. These studies serve not only the didactic purposes (a significant part of these studies is carried out in the framework of the student exercises), but also bring a rich study materiai, systematically made use of in the research work, of both applied and methodological nature. Until the end of the 1980s the primary areas of interest were Warsaw and its surroundings, and the north-eastern Poland (the region of the Great Masurian Lakes, the Biebrza river swamps, and the Łomża Landscape Park of the river Narew Valley). During the 1990s the topo-climatic research was deployed on a bigger scale, constituting the element of the comprehensive studies associated with protection of nature - elaboration of plans of protection of the National Parks (e.g. the Wigry Lake national Park, or the Stołowe Mountains National Park). In the recent years, in connection with the new formula of the field exercises in the general physical geography, including climatology, the Nida River Basin became another focus of interest. The comprehensive field work: topo-climatic mapping and the meteorological observations conducted in the different regions - landscapes of Poland, allowed for characterisation of the typical conditions in the individual units, and also contributed to the introduction of definite complements into the topo-climatic classification applied, which enhanced the level of precision of the delimitations performed according to it.
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