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1

Objective evaluation of forest naturalness: case study in Slocvak Nature Reserve

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Merganic J., Merganicova K., Moravcik M., Vorcak J., Marusak R.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2012
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tom 21
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nr 5
Our paper analyzes the naturalness of the forest in Babia Hora Nature Reserve, Slovakia, using an objective classification model based on predictive discriminant analysis. The partial indicators of forest naturalness in the model are: the arithmetic mean of the ratio between crown length and tree height, deadwood volume, coverage of grasses, coverage of mosses and lichens, the Clark-Evans aggregation index, and the coefficient of variation of tree diameters. The analysis of the model results revealed that the model was capable of distinguishing the parts of the reserve affected by natural disturbances and/or by past human activities. Hence, the classification model can be used as a supportive decision-making tool when adopting proper measures aimed at improving the actual state or decisions about changing the use of forests with evidently low natural values.
2

Brown bear winter feeding ecology in the area with supplementary feeding – Eastern Carpathians (Slovakia)

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Stofik J., Merganic J., Merganicova K., Bucko J., Saniga M.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2016
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tom 64
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nr 2
We performed snow tracking of brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the area of the Eastern Carpathians affected by supplementary feeding during the winter periods from 2007 to 2013. On each snow track we recorded all food habits and collected all scats. From these data we calculated occurrence frequency of food habits on snow tracks, occurrence frequency, volumetric proportion and energy values of food items in scats. We revealed that: i) the most frequent food source on snow tracks was corn from supplementary feeding places for ungulates (FOST = 64%); ii) crops for ungulates was the most important food group found in scat samples of bears (EDEC = 61%, EDECST = 53%); iii) the analysis of the inter-seasonal (late autumn, winter and early spring) changes in winter bear diet based on scat analyses revealed decreasing importance of hard mast and fruit, and increasing importance of invertebrates, herbs and wood biomass and crops for ungulates from autumn to spring; iv) bears searched for food at lower elevations in comparison to the location of their beds which are situated at higher elevations. Winter bear activity and bear diet was affected by supplementary feeding for ungulates.
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