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A list of 31 species of Pseudomyrmicinae, Dorylinae and Ponerinae from Vietnam, including 8 species new for Vietnam. Two new species (Anochetus mixtus, Brachyponera mesoponeroides) as well as unknown ♀ of Cerapachys sauteri are described.
It is shown that the name “Leptothorax nylanderi” as used by all earlier Russian authors, is a misidentification. The species distributed throughout East Europe and the Caucasus is really A. crassispinus Karawajew, 1926 (here revived from synonymy and stat. nov., and senior synonym of L. slavonicus Seifert, 1995 syn. nov.). There is a narrow zone of overlap of L. nylanderi and L. crassispinus in East Germany and West Poland but the situation in the Balkans needs further clarification.
The monographic revision of North Korean ants is provided fist time in the World literature. This work was based on the investigation of very rich material collected by Polish and Hungarian entomologists in North Korea in 1959-1990. The collections are kept in the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, in the Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Jagiellonian University, Cracow, and in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. In total, these unique collections include more than 70 thousand specimens collected in almost all regions of North Korea. Altogether, 99 ant species from 35 genera and 7 subfamilies, including 6 newly described species and 35 new to North Korea have been found; 17 species have been excluded from the list of the North Korean fauna. The monograph includes review of species, taxonomie and zoogeographical analysis of the Korean myrmecofauna, and the comparison of this fauna with that of the adjacent regions of Eastern Asia. A key for determination of all taxa of North Korean ants is also provided.
Tetraponera pisarskii sp. nov. is described from worker, from North Korea. It is the first native Tetraponera species in Palaearctic Asia. New species differs from all Asian Tetraponera in ochraceous-yellow colour of body.
The taxonomy of the ant subgenus Dendrolasius Ruzsky, 1912 is reviewed on the base of the investigation of types and of non-type material of several species. L. fuji is described as a new species, which includes former L. fuliginosus (Latreille, 1798) from the East Palaearctic. L. nipponensis Forel, 1912, proposed by Espadaler et al. 2001 as the replacement name for "oriental fuliginosus", actually is a good species and the senior synonym of L. crispus Wilson, 1955;L. orientahs Karawajew, 1912 is revived from synonymy and is considered as the senior synonym of L. teranishii Wheeler, 1928; L. capitatus Kusnetzov-Ugamsky, 1928 is considered as a good species, different from L. crispus. A key to Dendrolasius workers and queens from the Eastern Palaearctic is also given.
MynrLica hirsuta ELMES is first recorded from Poland. It was found in the Pieniny Mts (the Western Carpathians) in 1996. Some notes on distribution and biology of this species are given. Morphological differences between M. hirsuta and its host species. Myrmica sabuleti MEIN., arę shown.
Ponera testacea EMERY was reported for the first time from Poland based on the museum specimens collected on the Małopolska and Lubelska Uplands. This finding was possible due to an investigation of all Polish Ponera LATR. specimens kept in the collection of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS in Warsaw, which originally were identified as P. coarctata LATR. These museum specimens constitute the materials showing the evidence of most published reports on Ponera ants in Poland. All available data on the occurrence of P. testacea and P. coarctata in Poland are given, and discussed in the context of the slightly different habitat requirements of these two sympatric sibling species. A new simple morphometric method of discriminating them is proposed.
We describe the composition of two colonies of wood ants (FM-1 and FM-2) from southern Finland, identified on the basis of morphological investigations of workers (for FM-1, also of alate gynes and males) as mixed colonies comprising individuals with phenotypes typical of Formica aquilonia Yarr., F. polyctena Först, and F. rufa L. The prevailing species (phenotypes) were F. polyctena in FM-1, and F. rufa in FM-2. Colony FM-1 was observed every year in the period 1996-2006, almost from the moment it was formed. A first tentative investigation in 1999 revealed that it was already a mixed one and was probably also polygynous. Systematic follow-up investigations from 2002 to 2006 demonstrated relative stability of the proportions of individual species (phenotypes). A possible origin of this permanently mixed colony is postulated and discussed.
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A new ant genus from the late Eocene European amber

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Eocenomyrma gen. nov. of extinct ants of the family Formicidae, subfamily Myrmicinae, is described from the late Eocene European amber (ca. 40 Ma), based on six specimens from six pieces of amber; three of them contain E. rugosostriata (Baltic and Saxonian ambers); the remainder contain three new species: E. orthospina (Baltic Amber), E. electrina (Scandinavian Amber), and E. elegantula (Baltic Amber). Eocenomyrma resembles two extant genera: Myrmica and Temnothorax (both of which also occur in late Eocene European amber), but differs from them by the following apomorphies: clypeus short and broad, with two lateral longitudinal carinae and distinctly marked anterolateral corners, its median portion faintly concave transversally, anterior margin broad and shallowly concave medially, with pairs of long setae situated on the anterolateral clypeal corners, and central part of the anterior clypeal margin without setae; middle and hind tibiae lacking the spurs. Palp formula in Eocenomyrma is 4, 3 versus 6, 4 in Myrmica. We include Eocenomyrma in the tribe Formicoxenini. Nothomyrmica rugosostriata is transferred to Eocenomyrma, and the neotype of the latter species is designated; Nothomyrmica petiolata is transferred to the genus Temnothorax. A key for the identification of all known Eocenomyrma species is compiled.
The extinct ant genera Stigmomyrmex Mayr and Stiphromyrmex Wheeler (subfamily Myrmicinae) were described from the Baltic amber (Late Eocene, Priabonian, ca. 34-38 Ma). A new species, Stigmomyrmex rugulosus sp. nov., is described from the Baltic and Bitterfeld ambers, and a neotype of Stiphromyrmex robustus (Mayr) is designated. Additionally, we found from the Bitterfeld amber three more specimens of S. venustus Mayr, previously the only known species of the genus. S. rugulosus well differs from S. venustus by the presence of longitudinal rugulosity on the head dorsum, mesosoma and waist, and by the presence of numerous suberect hairs on the legs.
Doronomyrmex kutteri (BUSCHINGER) is first recorded from Poland. Some notes on distribution and biology of the socially parasitic ant species of the genus Doronomyrmex Kutter are given. Morphological differences between females of D. kutteri and of their host species, Leptothorax aceruorum F., are shown.
Fallomyrma, a new monotypie ant genus from the Rovno, Saxonian, and Danish ambers (Late Eocene), and a new species, F. transversa, are described. The taxonomic position and morphological similarity of the new genus to other genera is discussed.
The ant genus Crematogaster Lund, 1831 is recorded for the first time from the Late Eocene Rovno amber, Ukraine (Priabonian stage, 33.9–37.8 Ma). C. primitivasp. nov. is described based on single male. It well differs from males of the extant species by the 13-segmented antennae (vs. 11–12-segmented in modern species). By this feature it resembles the fossil C. praecursorEmery, 1891 described from the Sicilian amber (Early Oligocene, Rupelian stage, 27.8–34.9 Ma), but differs from that species by its distinctly longer antennal scape and by some details of the forewing venation. Only one other fossil Crematogaster species is known – C. auroraLaPolla et Greenwalt, 2015, which was described based on the imprints of two queens from the Middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation, USA (ca. 46 Ma); however, we consider that the ascription of this species to Crematogaster is somewhat questionable.
Previously, workers of species belonging to the pachei-group of the genus Myrmica were characterised by having only transverse rugosity on the alitrunk dorsum. The group contained only M. pachei and M. villosa, both endemic to the Indian side of the Himalaya. Three other species were recently described from China (M. taibaensis, M. polyglypta and M. weil) that have at least some transverse rugae mixed with other types of sculpture on various parts of the alitrunk dorsum. Examination of new material collected from southern and south-western China and Kashmir revealed 9 new species sharing this feature. Here we redefine the pachei-group to include all 14 species; we review all the species, making a redescription of M. taibaensis and describe the 9 new species: Myrmica sculptiventris, M. schulzi, M. phalacra, M. varisculpta, M. hlavaci, M. pleiorhytida, M. multiplex, M. yunnanensis and M. heterorhytida. Drawings and measurements are provided together with a conventional key to workers of the pachei- group and a diagnostic table of the species.
A new species, Myrmica elbrusi sp. nov., is described from the North Caucasus (Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia). Its main diagnostic features are: the scape smoothly curved at the base, with no trace of lobe or carina; the frontal carinae very feebly curved, merging with the rugae that extend to the posterior margin, not curved outwards and not merged with the rugae surrounding antennal sockets; the frontal lobes not extended; the anterior clypeal margin distinctly prominent, narrowly rounded, not notched medially. Based on the above characters, M. elbrusi well differs from any other known Euro-Caucasian Myrmica species with smoothly curved scape [e.g. M. rubra (L.), M. ruginodis Nyl., M, gallienii Bondr., M. bergi Ruzs.], but fits well either to the rugosa- or dshungarica species-groups (sensu Radchenko and Elmes 2010). Unfortunately, until males of M. elbrusi are found, this question cannot be resolved.
Two new species, Cataglyphis stigmatus sp. nov. and C. pubescens sp. nov. are described based on workers from Iran. The first species belongs to the bicolor species-group and clearly differs from all known species of this group by its yellow colour (except of C. lunaticus), but well distinguishes from the latter by the longer scape, by the lower propodeum, which dorsal surface is distinctly longer than the posterior one, by the less abundant standing hairs on the alitrunk and petiole, and especially by the much longer propodeal spiracles. Taxonomic position of C. pubescens is less clear, it shares features of the cursor-, emeryi- and emmae-groups, while differs from all species of these groups by the dense and long depressed pubescence on the head and alitrunk.
The socially-parasitic ant genus Strongylognathus is reported for Afghanistan for the first time, and a new species, S. kabakovi, is described based on the single queen. It belongs to the huberi species-group and is characterized by the small size. It differs from the latter species by the distinctly concave occipital margin, by the fines body sculpture, and by the less developed standing pilosity on the body.
The new extinct ant genus and species, Boltonidris mirabilis, are described from the late Eocene Rovno Amber (Ukraine). This genus belongs to the tribe Stenammini of the subfamily Myrmicinae. It possesses the plesiomorphic characters of the tribe Stenammini, e.g. 12-segmented antennae with 3-segmented apical club, characteristic structure of the clypeus and frontal lobes, absence of gastral shoulder, but it has a series of autapomorphies, e.g. modified mandibles with the only two teeth on the masticatory margin, well developed longitudinal medial groove on the head dorsum, somewhat depressed areas lateral to the frontal carinae (like "vestigial" antennal scrobes), and finely swollen postero-lateral area of head, close to the occipital corners. Additionally, it has two short blunt teeth on the pronotum.
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