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1

Hydrogen peroxide mediated tolerance to copper stress in the presence of 28-homobrassinolide in Vigna radiata

100%
Fariduddin Q., Khan T. A., Yusuf M.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2014
|
tom 36
|
nr 10
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in minute quantity serves as a signalling molecule. However, the role of H₂O₂ in combination with brassinosteroids (stress regulators) in plants under toxic levels of copper, is poorly understood. With an aim to explore and elaborate their role in plants subjected to abiotic stress, the surface sterilized seeds of mung bean (Vigna radiata) were sown in earthen pots filled with soil and manure enriched with different levels of Cu²⁺ (50 or 100 mg kg⁻¹ of soil) and allowed to grow under natural environmental conditions. At 15 and 20 days stage, the plants were sprayed with H₂O₂ (2.5 mM) and/or 28-homobrassinolide (HBL, 10⁻⁵ mM), respectively. At 45 days stage, the analysis of the plants revealed that the presence of copper in the soil caused a significant decrease in growth characteristics, activity of carbonic anhydrase and nitrate reductase, relative water content, chlorophyll content and the rate of photosynthesis whereas, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and the proline accumulation in leaves increased in Cu stressed plants. However, the exogenously applied HBL and/or H₂O₂, in the absence of Cu-stress strongly favoured the growth, photosynthetic parameters and also improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the proline content. Furthermore, the combined application of HBL and H₂O₂ to the foliage of the stressed plants neutralized the toxic impact of all copper regimes. Therefore, we are of the opinion that these chemicals somehow maintained the homeostasis of the metal in the plants that exhibit healthy growth.
2

Comparative roles of brassinosteroids and polyamines in salt stress tolerance

100%
Fariduddin Q., Mir B. A., Yusuf M., Ahmad A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2013
|
tom 35
|
nr 07
Salt stress is among the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect the global crop production and its adverse impacts are getting more serious in the regions where saline water is used for irrigation. It induces reactive oxygen species, alters the activity of antioxidant system and adversely affects the process of photosynthesis. Various strategies have been employed to mitigate the deleterious effects of salt stress. Presently, the recommended strategies to overcome the adverse effects of salt stress include the use of tolerant cultivars, ameliorative water management and diverse cultural practices. However, none of these approaches have been found to be fully effective under salt stress conditions. An alternative and technically simpler approach to induce salt stress tolerance is the exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs). This technique has gained significant importance during the past decade. PGRs have been implicated to regulate a wide range of metabolic and physiological activities in plants, ranging from cell division and organogenesis to protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. One of the important factors for enhanced plant productivity by PGRs is their efficiency to overcome the salt-induced stress conditions. Recent findings on the effects of brassinosteroids and polyamines on the salt stress tolerance of crops open new avenues to address the salinity problems. This review enlightens the role of brassinosteroids and polyamines in different plant processes like their role in regulation of photosynthesis, antioxidant systems and other related aspects, thereby improving overall performance of plants.
3

Effect of 28-homobrassinolide on the drought stress-induced changes in photosynthesis and antioxidant system of Brassica junca L.

76%
Fariduddin Q., Khanam S., Hasan S. A., Ali B., Hayat S., Ahmad A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2009
|
tom 31
|
nr 5
To investigate the effect of exogenously applied 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) on drought-stressed plants, photosynthesis and antioxidant systems were examined in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Seedlings of Indian mustard were subjected to drought stress for 7 days at the 8–14 (DS1)/15–21 (DS2) days’ stage of growth and then returned to normal conditions of growth. These seedlings were sprayed with HBL (0.01 µM) at the 30-day stage and were sampled at 60 days to assess the changes in growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes. Plants exposed to stress at either of the stages of growth exhibited a significant decrease in growth and photosynthesis. The exposure of plants to stress at an earlier stage (DS1) was more inhibitory than that at a later stage (DS2). However, the follow-up treatment with HBL significantly improved the values of these parameters and also overcame the inhibitory effect of water stress. The activity of antioxidant enzymes [catalase (E.C. 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (E.C. 1.11.1.7) and superoxide dismutase (E.C. 1.15.1.1)] and proline content in leaves exhibited an increase in response to both the treatment factors, where their interaction had an additive effect. It was, therefore, concluded that the elevated antioxidant system, at least in part, was responsible for amelioration of the drought stress.
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