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Modele kwalifikacyjne kadry doradztwa rolniczego

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The study includes specification of problems submitted by farmers to be solved by agricultural advisory personnel, list of the spheres of knowledge and practical skills necessary in accomplishment of realizing the agricultural advisory experts’ professional functions, as well as four empirical qualifying models: models of local expert and institutional experts in the range of agrotechnology, zootechnology, economics and agricultural education. In the qualifying empirical model of agricultural advisory local experts in the group of very extensive scale of use there are economical subjects, first of all marketing in agriculture and basic technical subjects (agrotechnology and zootechnology), and other subjects mentioned as useful are: subjects referring to methodological activities in advisory work (informatics and agricultural advisory science), environmental protection, farm implements and gardening, branches of knowledge connected with non-agricultural activities and select legal issues, as well as several accessory subjects (management and specialization, sociology and cooperative movement, adult teaching methodology and non-agricultural activities in the country). In the qualifying empirical models of agricultural advisory institutional experts the most useful in their work are the spheres of knowledge which are specialization of a direction of employment. Then, institutional experts point at economic science as very favourable, especially marketing in agriculture is the knowledge necessary to every institutional expert. The other spheres of agricultural knowledge are also mentioned, as well as socio-pedagogical knowledge, subjects referring to processing farm products, and organization of agricultural activities beyond the country.
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The task of the research was defining the advisory needs of the leading farmers as submitted to the agricultural advisory staff. The research was conducted in 1993. It concerned 828 leading farmers in nine provinces. It has been found that under the influence of the market economy the farmers show less interest in needs concerning general agricultural advice, while being more interested in the specialized one. The demand for advice concerning new fields of knowledge has occurred, including using, sales and processing of the agricultural products, lowering costs of production as well as marketing and legal-administrational issues, which will make it possible to adapt the farms to the needs of the market and agricultural surroundings. Farmers running farms with smaller acreage submitted more needs connected with using the agricultural production and with more labour-consuming activities. The owners of farms with bigger acreage were interested in increasing individual effectivity, increasing the scale of the production, specialization of the farms and guaranteeing the sales of the agricultural production.
Marketing management has universal character, it concerns various branches of economic life. In agriculture and food economy its influence is a little more difficult to be exerted, because of the specificity of the agricultural production. It has a mass nature - the individual producer has no influence on demand. The group marketing activity is not well developed among the farmers’ society. Research presented in this work was conducted in 1993 among local specialists of 9 Agricultural Advisory Centres. They were supposed to estimate in a questionnaire the usefulness of knowledge and skills in the advisory job from 0 points (unuseful) to 10 points (most useful). The results of the conducted research confirmed the proposition that active marketing education of the rural population may be a factor stimulating political transformation, thus making possible the multifunctional economic development on rural areas.
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