Our effort in the research and breeding the chamomile was aimed at increasing the essential oil amounts with emphasis being put on both the content and the stability of effective components. The breeding of diploid variety Bona (Kosice-3) and tetraploid variety Goral (Kosice-2) was realized within 1975-1990. The plants of diploid variety have the higher content of essential oil with decisive portion of (-)-a-bisaboloL Tetraploid variety Goral has sufficiently high content of essential oil in the dry flower anthodia. Dominant essential oil components are (-)-a-bisabolol and chamazulene. These new improved varieties with their parameters are better that diploid variety Bohemia that was acknowledged chamomile variety in Czecho-Slovakia since 1952. Mainly in connection with large-scale chamomile cultivation and production, the effects of mineral nutrition, irrigation, pesticide application, various types of growth regulators and the mechanisms of population dynamics at qualitative-quantitative characteristics of essential oil have been studied more intensively in Slovakia. The contribution is aimed at the presentation of information from these experiments.
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