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Opisano izolację bakteryjnej galaktanazy, której wytwarzanie indukowano za pomocą arabinogalaktanu izolowanego z mąki sojowej. Charakterystyki oczyszczonego białka enzymatycznego dokonano w oparciu o galaktan otrzymany z włóknistej pozostałości z produkcji skrobii ziemniaczanej. Masa molowa enzymu wyznaczona za pomocą elektroforezy wynosiła około 40000Da, optimum pH 6,0, a temperatury 40° C. Mechanizm działania galaktanazy określono jako przede wszystkim typu endo. Enzym dość energicznie rozkładał preparaty ścian komórkowych jabłka i buraka cukrowego (odpowiednio 23,7 i 29,8% cukrów), uwalniając głównie galaktozę i uronidy, jednakże jego zdolności macerowania tkanek roślinnych były ograniczone.
The level of zinc and magnesium were determined in fleece of 85 ewes and their lambs of merino breed. The samples were collected 2—4 weeks after delivery. The measurements were carried out with the use of the AAS method after a wet mineralization of the examined ma­terial with a mixture of concentrated acids. The concen­trations of the examined elements was on a relatively low level in wool of both ewes and lambs. The concentration of zinc ranged from 61.9 to 92.1 pg/g of fleece, while the content of magnesium ranged from 21.2 to 31.1 ug/g of fleece. Positive correlations were found for the relationship between concentrations of zinc and magnesium in wool of ewes and lambs. A statistical analysis of the relationship between concentrations of both bioelements in wool and in a whole blood of the animals was also carried out.
The concentrations of zinc and magnesium were assayed by atom absorption spectrophotometry in whole blood and plasma of 85 ewes and their lambs from 9 farms. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also measured in plasma by the Bessey method. The concentrations of zinc and magnesium were at physiological limits. Blood of lambs contained usually a higher concentration of zinc and magnesium than was found in ewes. Similar relationship was less frequent for the blood plasma. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood plasma of lambs ranged from 1286 to 2649 U/L and was markedly higher than the values measured in the ewes plasma (155—1103 U/L). A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of zinc and magnesium in a whole blood and plasma of mothers and their lambs. No positive relationship was demonstrated between the enzyme activity and zinc and magnesium content in the blood plasma.
The objective of the study was to analyze profile spatiation of total and DTPA-extractable zinc forms in alluvial arable soils. Six soil profiles located in the Unisław Basin were analyzed. The soils were classified as alluvial black earths. The alluvial material of the examined soils was overlying calcareous sinter situated 100 cm deep into the ground. Soil samples were analyzed for the grain size composition, reaction, Corg and the CaCO3 content. The total zinc concentration was assessed after mineralization in HF+ HClO4 mixture according to Crock and Severson (1980), while zinc forms extractable with DTPA were assayed with ASA as described by Lindsay and Norvell (1978). The soils did not show symptoms of zinc pollution. Its total, Zn concentrations ranged between 6.25 and 18.78 mg kg–1, while an average content was 11.16 mg kg–1. The analyzed soil samples contained zinc forms extractable with DTPA in amounts fluctuating between 0.32 and 2.6 mg kg–1. The highest concentrations of total and available zinc were noted in the surface horizons of the soils and in the horizons enriched with organic carbon.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the commercial biofertilizer UGmax on soil cellulase (CEL) and dehydrogenase (DH) activities, microbial biomass carbon content (MB-C), and some chemical properties in the humus horizon of an arable field (Luvisols) over a three-year period (2005, 2006, 2008) for winter wheat and for winter rapeseed in 2007. Twenty soil samples were taken from the area studied in 2005 (the control year without UGmax treatment), while in the other years ten soil samples were taken after UGmax treatment and ten from the control, always after plants were harvested. No clear effects of UGmax treatment on the studied properties were found. Compared to the control, the application of UGmax increased soil reaction and soil organic carbon (CORG) concentrations in the entire study period, although for the latter property the changes were not statistically significant in 2007. A significant reduction of CEL activity was noted after the second and third years of UGmax application, while DH activity was significantly higher when UGmax was applied compared to the control only after the first year of treatment.
Spatial field-scale variability of soil dehydrogenases and cellulases activities and their relationship with organic carbon and total nitrogen content at the surface horizon of eutric, gleic Cambisols of the field, under winter wheat localised in the southern part of the Sępopolska Plain was assessed. Twenty soil samples were collected in September in the system defined by the method of diffused points localised by GPS. The activity of dehydrogenases ranged between 0.8-1.55 µM TPF g⁻¹ DM 24 h⁻¹, while cellulolytic activity ranged between 0.2-1.0 µM glucose g⁻¹ DM h⁻¹ x 10⁻³. A high nugget effect observed for both enzymatic activities was probably caused by a nest (local) occurrence of the enzymes, especially dehydrogenase. No statistically significant correlation coefficients were calculated for the relationship between the enzymatic activities and Corg, Ntot and clay fraction content.
Review of literature data as well as new distributional records of the relict and endangered saproxylic tineid moth Scardia boletella (Fabricius, 1794) in Poland are presented. Unpublished museal data from 1954 to 1963 and own observations from 1988 to 2014, mainly from Bieszczady Mts, East Beskid, Masurian Lake District, Białowieża Forest and Podlasie are included. The species is recorded for the first time from Lublin Upland.
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