W przedstawionej pracy określono skład mineralogiczny frakcji ilastej wyodrębnionej z gleb płowych, pochodzących z obszarów Ziemi Dobrzyńskiej (zlodowacenie bałtyckie, stadiał Wisły). Badaniami objęto frakcję ilastą z poziomów diagnostycznych gleb płowych, tj. luvic oraz argillic. Uzyskane wyniki, na podstawie badań rentgenograficznych i derywatograficznych, składu mineralogicznego pozwalają na zaliczenie rozpatrywanych gleb płowych, do klasy illitowej. Zwraca uwagę znaczny udział minerałów z grupy smektytów, szczególnie w poziomach Bt (argillic). Ponadto, we frakcji występują również minerały mieszanopakietowe (illit-smektyt, illit-chloryt) i domieszki kaolinitu oraz wysokodyspersyjnego kwarcu.
The aim of this research has been to investigate the influence of the Głogów Copper Works on profile distribution and mobility of copper and zinc in cultivated soils in the vicinity of the plant. The following were determined in soil samples from 4 cultivated soil profiles classified as Luvisols: soil texture, pH in KCl, pH in H2O, organic carbon, total Cu and Zn content using the ASA method after mineralization in HF and HClO4 acids and the content of mobile forms of Cu and Zn using the sequential method. In terms of grain size distribution, the profiles were classified as loamy silt. The soil pH was in range of p H ^ o 7.33-8.55 and PHKCI 5.81-7.75. Except for P1 profile, the presence of CaCOg was observed in all soil profiles. C and Bt horizons were the richest in CaCO3. The content of C-organic in humus horizons was in the range of 7.0-18.1 g kg- 1 . The total Cu content was in the range of 4.04-57.75 mg kg- 1 . In Ap horizons, the total Cu content was significantly higher, but in C horizons it was the lowest, which indicates that Ap horizons had been enriched with Cu by human activity. The results of the sequential analysis indicate the dominant share of fraction V, associated with organic matter, in the surface horizons. In the remaining horizons, the Cu fraction associated with iron oxides dominates. The total content of Zn was in the range of 3.34-42.65 mg kg- 1 . The highest content of this element was observed in Ap horizons, and the lowest occurred in Eet horizons. The speciation analysis showed the highest content of Zn in the form associated with crystalline iron oxides (fraction VI), and the lowest in fractions I and II, i.e. soluble in water and exchangeable forms. Most of the investigated soils (apart from P1 profile) may be classified as unpolluted with Cu and Zn, which shows that the proximity of the Głogów Copper Works does not preclude agricultural use of the analyzed soils (with one exception).
Manganese is required by plants for photosynthesis. It is also is a key activator in anumber of critical processes in plant tissues. Moreover, it has been proven that Mn is an essential element for animals and people. Manganese deficiency may occur in soils that are sandy alkaline or calcareous. The objective of the study was to asses the long-term impact of alkaline cement dust, emitted by the Lafarge Cement Plant in Bielawy (Kujawy region) on manganese availability in soils in the vicinity of the source of emission. The mobility of Mn was estimated by DTPA-extraction of soil samples. It was stated that DTPA-extractable Mn was in the range of 0.81-12.07 mg kg 1 i.e. below the recom- mended limits for the proper plant growth. The lowest content was detected in soils adja- cent to the cement plant, with the highest pH due to the most intensive alkaline dust emission. Cement dust acts like a liming substance and affects manganese mobilitv.
The samples have been taken from 8 500 ha of the soils located arround the Lime and Cement Plant ‘KUJAWY’ at Bielawy. The surface and profile test points were located at the square grid intersections with a 500 m module. An environmental variation range in the soil has been determined with regard of forms of a soil acidity, secondary calcium carbonate content and exchangeable cations and soil solution composition. A chemical analysis of the cement dusts emitted by Cement Plant demonstrates high level of calcium content (42-49 %), potassium (6 %) as well as the series of macro- and microelements that can influence on composition and properties of the soils and nutrition status of the plants. The area surrounded of ‘KCW-KUJAWY’ has been divided between three zones of different pH-reactions and the other soil properties. The highest alkalinity was observed in the first zone, located close to the Cement Plant where reaction pH(KCl)~ 8 is registered and a soil solution with sorptive complex are dominated by Ca²⁺ up to 95 % of saturation. The lower alkalinity and Ca²⁺ concentration in a sorptive complex and a soil solution are registered in the second zone, located at a significant distance from the Cement Plant. In the third zone, the KCW has a little influence on the soils in consideration of pH-reaction and other properties. However, the relatively high amount of exchageable K⁺ and in soil solution had been noted, also at the significant distance from KCW. The classification ‘by types’ with regard of secondary accumulation of CaCO₃, pH-reaction and degree of the sorptive complex saturation with Ca²⁺ in a near top surface horizons indicates that it is neccessary to renew the valuation of the gray-brown podzolic soils and the brown soils located close to KCW towards the calcisols soil type (distinguished in the same classifications).