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1

The plant population biology in productional stands of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita /L./ Rauschert)

100%
Salamon I.
Acta Academiae Agriculturae ac Technicae Olstenensis. Agricultura
|
1998
|
tom 66
273-278
Chamomile, Chamomilla recutita /L./Rauschert, is one of the most favoured and most demanded medicinal plant. Plant population biology is a synthetic discipline aimed at understanding the mechamisms of growth and reproduction controlling of individuals or population with a possibility to predict (to model) their status under favourable or unfavourable environmental conditions. This contribution is aimed at the study of some aspects of plant population biology in chamomile productional stands. External morphological characteristics of chamomile such as the height of plant, the number, size and shape of leaves, the number of offshoots and anthodia, are not constant. Accordingly, the existence of controlling and compensatory mechanisms, closely related to ecological limits, was clearly demonstrated in chamomile productional stands.
2

Changes in quantitative-qualitative composition of chamomile essential oil during the three harvests of a year

100%
Salamon I.
Herba Polonica
|
1994
|
tom 40
|
nr 1-2
17-25
In this paper there are showed the changes in quantitative-qualitative characteristics of essential oil occurred in chamomile flower drug, Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert, after each of the three harvests of year. It is known that the content of essential oil and the proportion of components change not only during individual developmental phases of flower anthodia but also during individual harvests of year. The reason why it is so, cannot be explained satisfactorily at he present time. There will be, no doubt, several approaches to an explanation of the subject, a possible one being the follow-up of the properties of plant strategies resulting in a successful existence of chamomile plants in relation to the environmental factors as - firstly, stress and resistance, - secondly, specificity of disturbance and, - finally, competition.
3

Comparison of peppermint teas in regard to essential oil content and its composition

63%
Salamon I., Labun P.
Herba Polonica
|
2009
|
tom 55
|
nr 1
29-34
Peppermint, a medicinal plant with a history going back to the time of Egyptian pharaohs, is used in phytotherapy today and, unequivocally, will be used in the future. Mint herb, widely used in the preparation of herbal teas, is very popular in many countries, especially in West Germany and North Africa. Dried Menthae piperitae herba is a marketable good. The annual consumption of peppermint herb comes to thousands of tons. GC analyses of dry peppermint raw material of different origin obtained in the market have demonstrated considerable variance in medically effective components. In addition, the constituents of peppermint essential oil differed from those of herbal teas. Quality of herb raw material is important in production of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, what was showed in dissimilar pharmacodynamic effects.
4

Quality of peppermint herbal teas in Slovak groceries and pharmacies

63%
Salamon I., Zakutanska P.
Herba Polonica. Suplement
|
2005
|
tom 51
|
nr 1
5

Growing condition and breeding of chamomile [Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert] regarding the essential oil qualitative-quantitative characteristics in Slovakia

63%
Salamon I., Honcariv R.
Herba Polonica
|
1994
|
tom 40
|
nr 1-2
68-74
Our effort in the research and breeding the chamomile was aimed at increasing the essential oil amounts with emphasis being put on both the content and the stability of effective components. The breeding of diploid variety Bona (Kosice-3) and tetraploid variety Goral (Kosice-2) was realized within 1975-1990. The plants of diploid variety have the higher content of essential oil with decisive portion of (-)-a-bisaboloL Tetraploid variety Goral has sufficiently high content of essential oil in the dry flower anthodia. Dominant essential oil components are (-)-a-bisabolol and chamazulene. These new improved varieties with their parameters are better that diploid variety Bohemia that was acknowledged chamomile variety in Czecho-Slovakia since 1952. Mainly in connection with large-scale chamomile cultivation and production, the effects of mineral nutrition, irrigation, pesticide application, various types of growth regulators and the mechanisms of population dynamics at qualitative-quantitative characteristics of essential oil have been studied more intensively in Slovakia. The contribution is aimed at the presentation of information from these experiments.
6

Essential oil from Salvia officinalis L. and its effect on microbial parameters of piglets in a model experiment

51%
Poracova J., Taylorova B., Salamon I.
Herba Polonica
|
2009
|
tom 55
|
nr 4
78-85
Plant essential oils and their active components have shown a large scale of activities: as antimicrobials, anti-oxidants, digestive stimulators, anti-inflammators, appetisers and performance enhancers. The antimicrobial properties of the essential oil from sage (Salvia officinalis L., family Lamiaceae) were evaluated against selected bacteria in a model experiment in crossbred piglets (Slovak White x Pietrain) weaned at 10 days of age. The essential oil was applied daily in a dose of 0.05% into the commercial feed mixture ČOS 1 and ČOS 2 for a period of three weeks, starting at the age of 21 days to 7 piglets in an experimental group and pathogen concentrations were compared with a control group of 3 piglets. Faecal samples of piglets were analyzed on the 21st, 35th and 42nd days of age and counts of anaerobes, Escherichia coli, enterobacteria and enterococci were performed. The differences in counts of selected bacteria within the control group during the experiment were not statistically significant. The counts within the experimental group showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in number of all selected bacteria between 1st and 2nd samplings. The anaerobic bacteria count was also significantly different on 21st and 42nd day of age. Comparing the control and the experimental group counts of Escherichia coli at the age of 35 days were significantly lower in the experimental group. All statistically significant differences observed showed decrease in selected bacteria counts. No adverse effects on animal health were noticed when using sage essential oil. Therefore, sage oil may be recommended to be an alternative fytoaditive antimicrobial supplement to conventional additives used in animal feed. (Because of the essential oil is inhibitory to selected pathogenic microorganisms it may provide alternative and supplement to conventional antimicrobial additives in foods.)
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