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1

The alleviating effects of selenium and salicylic acid in salinity exposed soybean

100%
Ardebili N. O., Saadatmand S., Niknam V., Khavari-Nejad R. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2014
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tom 36
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nr 12
This research was conducted to screen various treatments of selenium (Se) and/or salicylic acid (SA) to mitigate signs of salinity on soybean. Seedlings were treated with three concentrations of Se (0, 25 and 50 mg l⁻¹), two concentrations of SA (0 and 0.5 mM) and/ or two concentrations of NaCl (0 and 100 mM). Se and/or SA had significant enhancing and alleviating effects on the chlorophyll a (Chl a) and carotenoid contents as well as, Chl a/b in the treated plants, but had adverse effects on the Chl b concentrations. The limiting effects of salinity on leaf area and dry mass were significantly eased by the Se and/or SA among which 25 mg l⁻¹ Se and combined treatment of 50 mg l⁻¹ Se and SA were the most effective. The utilization of Se and/or SA led to the improved proline and Mg contents, compared to the control. The supplemented Se and/or SA, especially the mixed ones, resulted in a significant decrease in Na/K ratios. Se and/or SA had significant inducing effects on enzymatic (peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) and non-enzymatic (ascorbate) antioxidant system. On the basis of the obtained results, it could be stated that the foliar utilization of Se in combination with SA may be used to relieve the signs of salinity stress.
2

Study of antioxidant enzymes activity and isozymes pattern in hairy roots and regenerated plants in Nicotiana tabacum

100%
Nikravesh F., Khavari-Nejad R. A., Rahimian H., Fahimi H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2012
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tom 34
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nr 2
Hairy root disease is caused by the infection of wounded higher plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Transformation of tissues or plants with A. rhizogenes, and with rol genes, as well as hairy roots may produce alterations in the plant secondary metabolism. H₂O₂ and other ROS are involved as a signal in secondary metabolite production pathway and play a key role in plant defensive reactions. In this work, the effect of A. rhizogenes T-DNA on nicotine content, antioxidant enzymes activity, H₂O₂ production, pattern of peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes in hairy roots and regenerated plants were studied. Rise in SOD and POX activities in the transformed lines of TRa and TRb and in the resultant regenerated plants, also the decreased level of H₂O₂ in them, compared with the untransformed lines indicates that, the T-DNA genes expression of A. rhizogenes probably decreases H₂O₂ level by increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes. Decrees the level of H₂O₂ content in TRc line in spite of the similarity of antioxidant enzyme activity in comparison with normal root, indicate that A. rhizogenes activate other mechanisms except SOD and POX enzyme for reducing H₂O₂ level.
3
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Effects of foliar application of cobalt oxide nanoparticles on growth, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative indicators, non-enzymatic antioxidants and compatible osmolytes in canola (Brassica napus L.)

100%
Jahani M., Khavari-Nejad R. A., Mahmoodzadeh H., Saadatmand S.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
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2019
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tom 61
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nr 1
4

Water availability effects on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, and reducing sugar contents of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

88%
Hosseini Boldaji S. A., Khavari-Nejad R. A., Hassan Sajedi R., Fahimi H., Saadatmand S.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
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tom 34
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nr 3
To understand alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) reactions to osmotic stress, solutions with -0.5, -1 and -1.5 MPa osmotic potentials using PEG (Poly ethyleneglycol) and distilled water as control were prepared. In a germination test, eleven alfalfa cultivar seeds were allowed to germinate in these solutions. M. sativa cv. Yazdi and M. sativa cv. Gharayonje, selected as tolerant and sensitive cultivars, respectively, and were used for further studies. In all PEG solutions, root and shoot dry weights decreased in both cultivars. Under different levels of osmotic stress, root to shoot ratio increased significantly in Yazdi, whereas this parameter showed no significant differences in Gharayonje. Yazdi cultivar also showed higher activities of SOD (Superoxide dismutase), APX (Ascorbate peroxidase), CAT (Catalase), POD (Peroxidase), and higher reducing sugar contents of leaves in comparison with Gharayonje. These higher antioxidant activities help the tolerant cultivar to decrease oxidative damages of osmotic stress to membrane lipids as compared with its sensitive counterpart. As a result, electrolyte leakage and the amounts of MDA (Malondialdehyde), were higher in Gharayonje. This study highlights the importance of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in scavenging reactive oxygen species which is caused by osmotic stress. It is seems that antioxidant systems are more active in tolerant cultivars than those of sensitive ones.
5

Effect of penconazole and drought stress on the essential oil composition and gene expression of Mentha pulegium L. (Lamiaceae) at flowering stage

88%
Hassanpour H., Khavari-Nejad R. A., Niknam V., Razavi K., Najafi F.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2014
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tom 36
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nr 05
Effect of penconazole (PEN) on the expression level of two genes in the biosynthesis pathway of monoterpenes, isopiperitenone reductase (iPR) and pulegone reductase (PR), and essential oil (EO) compounds were studied at flowering stage of Mentha pulegium L. under drought stress. Plants were grown with different levels of field capacity (100 and 50 %) with or without PEN (15 mg l⁻¹). Results showed that drought stress decreased the growth and productivity parameters. PEN treatment to drought-stressed plants decreased the negative effects of drought stress on these parameters. The EO yield increased by about 1.6 times under drought stress, and the highest amount of EO was obtained in drought-stressed with PEN. Drought stress increased pulegone and decreased menthone percentage, and the highest pulegone percentage (78.2 % of total constituents) was obtained in drought-stressed with PEN treatment. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed drought stress increased the expression level of iPR and PR genes. PEN treatment promoted the impact of drought stress on iPR gene expression and repressed PR gene expression. Our results suggest that PEN may be a useful tool for the regulation of monoterpene metabolism in M. pulegium under stress condition.
6

Effects of penconazole and water deficit stress on physiological and antioxidative responses in pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.)

88%
Hassanpour H., Khavari-Nejad R. A., Niknam V., Najafi F., Razavi K.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
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tom 34
|
nr 4
The effects of penconazole (PEN) on physiological parameters and several antioxidative enzyme activities were investigated in pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) under water deficit stress. Six weeks after sowing, plants were grown under soil moisture corresponding to 100, 75, 50, and 25% field capacity (FC) with or without PEN (15 mg l⁻¹) for next 4 weeks. The exogenous application of PEN to droughtstressed plants increased some growth parameters, the relative water content (RWC), lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, H₂O₂ content, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and the total phenol content. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) indicated different isoform profiles under water deficit stress in non-PEN-treated and PEN-treated plants concerning antioxidant enzymes. A higher capacity for oxygen scavenging and phenolic content could possibly explain the ability of M. pulegium plants to grow at higher water stress under PEN treatment.
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