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Introduction. Anthropometric characteristics and physical activity (PA) levels are often considered as potential variables that can be significantly correlated with specific motor abilities. Aim of Study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities with the use of a methodological approach that is rarely applied in physical culture sciences. The correlations between body mass, body height, BMI and PA levels vs sequential power decrease in successive minutes of the 3-Minute Burpee Test (3-MBT) were analyzed. Material and Methods. The study involved 359 full-time university students aged 19-22, including 163 male (20.4 ± 0.67 years) and 196 female (20.4 ± 0.65 years) participants. Anthropometric characteristics (body mass, height and BMI), PA level (MET units) were measured according to standardized guidelines before the test. The participants’ strength endrance were evaluated with the use of the 3-MBT. The results were processed statistically by calculating third-order partial correlation coefficients. Results. Raw score correlation coefficients were statistically significant (p-values: 0.05-0.01), excluding body height which was not bound by significant correlations with the number of cycles completed by women in each minute of the 3-MBT and the number of cycles completed by men in the first minute of the 3-MBT. However, the third-order partial correlation analysis demonstrated that PA level was the only independent variable that was significantly correlated with the results scored in the entire 3-MBT and in successive minutes of the test. In both sexes, the lowest values were observed in the first minute, and they were considerably higher in the second minute of the test. Conclusions. In the group of the analyzed variables, only PA levels significantly influence the strength endurance of moderately physically active young women and men during the 3-MBT.
The tennis competition at a high level, it is necessary to manifest physical condition and coordination of mobility. Playing tennis is known to be the third, and so the highest level of coordination. One of mobility determinants of high level sports tennis is the rate of speed. Established the following objectives: 1. Determine the level of running speed leading tennis players in the world in doubles and top Polish national team players in the senior category; 2. Establish relationships existing between speed speed and a place in the international ranking determines the current level of sport. The study was attended by representatives of the Polish players in tennis. Measurements of the speed of locomotion was carried out on the tennis court with the use of a measuring station allows precise measurement of time. Based on the study the following conclusions: 1. Among the leading tennis players in the world in doubles one of them usually obtain the best results running speed on individual measurement sections. The second reached the weaker times, but in both cases were the results for the overall study average level of the game; 2. No significant variation of the speed measurements of individual episodes. For it seems reasonable to use more selective tests, taking into account different directions move around the tennis court; 3. It seems that subjects the players have large reserves of capability speed events. This applies especially to the leading tennis players in the world, which, as is assumed in this respect should obtain the most favorable results in the study.
Measured maximum power of the lower limbs women - members of the Polish national tennis team. We found a relationships between the maximum power and a place in the ranking of sports. The study involved the leading tennis player in the world, with players in the Federation Cup (n = 4) – age 22 years, training experience 13 years. The control group – female recreational practicing tennis – age 21 years (n = 11). The maximum power of the lower limbs were measured in series of vertical jump. It was found that the players graded higher in the ranking sports are characterized by higher values of maximum power of the lower limbs less trained tennis players.
Kayaking requires muscle activity alternating right and left sides of the body. Therefore, you should improve Symmetrization movements. However, kayakers characterized by a high asymmetry in the effects of exercise, including paddling. For the diagnose the asymmetry examined Symmetrization throws performed single-handedly. The paper presents the results of measurements of 14 female kayakers aged over 18 years and 60 female kayakers aged 15–16 years and 35 female kayakers aged 17–18 years. All subjects performed throws the ball one-handed, first in sitting position with your legs straight, and then a running length of 3 meters. All the throws were repeated three times. For the analysis we accepted the results of the longest throws. It was found that with increasing age length of the throws. It does not change the difference between the distance throws made in a sitting position and standing position. This demonstrates the lack of improvement in the ability to use the course to extend throws. Paddling will increase symmetrization movements. The result is getting smaller differences in length throws made right and left limb.
Introduction. Tennis is a sport that requires asymmetric movements. Asymmetry in tennis pertains to the player carrying a racket and using it to hit the ball. An asymmetric tennis technique may lead to an asymmetric distribution of muscle mass and unbalanced muscle tonus. These disproportions will result in an improper body stature and may even cause irregularities in the skeletal structure. Aim of the Study. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of muscle mass asymmetry and its association with the dominant upper limb. Material and Methods. The study included 16 active tennis players: 15 right-handed and 1 left-handed. The control group (UN) comprised 16 non-training middle school pupils: 14 right-handed and 2 left-handed. Body composition was determined by means of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results. Signifi cant differences between the dominant and non-dominant arms in tennis players were observed. The players featured a higher muscle mass of the dominant upper limb compared to the non-dominant limb. Similar differences were not observed amongst the controls. The control group was characterized with markedly lower asymmetry than the tennis players in terms of muscle mass distribution in the upper limbs (p < 0.05). No signifi cant correlations were found between age or training experience and the asymmetry coeffi cient values. Conclusions. The study revealed a signifi cant infl uence of sport training on asymmetry in muscle mass distribution in the upper limbs.
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