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1

Neurophysiological techniques testing brain conductivity

100%
Rossini P. M.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2013
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tom 73
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nr Suppl.1
Different brain areas are thought to be integrated into largescale networks. Recent approaches for investigating structural organization and functional coordination within these networks involve measures of connectivity among brain areas. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to analyze the functional state of the cerebral cortex, discovering changes in its excitability, connectivity and plasticity which may have occurred through processes such as learning or recovery from a lesion. We review studies using in vivo functional brain connectivity technologies. TMS-EEG studies have begun to describe the nature of the TMS-evoked EEG responses in order to broaden the comprehension of the activation mechanisms of TMS. Several studies have proved the power of TMS-EEG by displaying many data about the excitability or connectivity of the brain. Particularly, it has been proposed that the very first part of the TMS evoked EEG response displays the excitability of the stimulated cortex while its spatio-temporal distribution over the scalp displays the spread of activation to other cortical areas – via intra and inter-hemispheric cortico-cortical connections as well as to sub-cortical structures and spinal cord via projection fibres – that means the effective connectivity of the stimulated area. Finally effective connectivity may be considered as the union of structural and functional connectivity. These studies provide insights into the relationships between brain structure and function.
2

Non-invasive brain stimulation in vision impairment after stroke: the REVIS network

39%
Gall C., Rossini P. M., Tatlisumak T., Waleszczyk W. J., Speck O., He H., Sabel B. A.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2013
|
tom 73
|
nr Suppl.1
Non-invasive brain stimulation is a promising tool in treatment of visual impairment. The aim of the ‘Restoration of Vision after Stroke’ (REVIS) network is to determine if non-invasive current stimulation may also have a positive impact on vision restoration in patients with post-chiasmatic visual pathway lesions. In particular, the potential of non-invasive current stimulation in ameliorating vision impairment following stroke is the key issue addressed by the REVIS study group. Within the REVIS network a number of small sample, randomized, controlled, clinical studies including patients with post-chiasmatic lesions due to monohemispheric, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were initiated by clinical partners from Germany, Italy and Finland. The network also includes a basic neuroscience project that studies neuronal network reorganization in the cat visual system after stroke (Poland). Beyond the European network, a collaboration with the Institute of Automation at the Chinese Academy of Science was established. This contribution presents the overall aims of the network activity, the rational of the clinical endpoint selection and preliminary findings.
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