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1

Early primiparity in brown bears

100%
Zedrosser A., Rauer G., Kruckenhauser L.
Acta Theriologica
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2004
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tom 49
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nr 3
We documented 2 cases of unusually early primiparity in brown bears Ursus arctos Linneaus, 1758 in an introduced population in central Austria. Two females gave birth at the age of 3 years.
2

A comment on fellatio in captive brown bears (Ursus arctos): Seeking satisfaction of frustrated suckling?

76%
Sergiel A., Maslak R., Zedrosser A., Pasko L., Gorshelis D. L., Reljic S., Huber D.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2014
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tom 74
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nr 3
Little is known about sexually-oriented behaviors unrelated to reproduction in non-human mammals. Fellatio has been observed in a number of mammals, including bears, but the role and cause of this behavior remains unclear. We investigated the mechanisms and determinants of regular and persistent fellatio in two captive male brown bears, both orphaned as cubs. The roles of the males, one as the provider and the other as receiver of fellatio, never changed during the observation period. Humming vocalizations used by suckling bear cubs, were clearly audible during 18 fellatio acts, suggesting that the providing bear retained infantile behavior. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first study of this behavior in bears. Bear cubs suckle their mothers for milk, bonding, and comfort for at least the first year of their life. Orphaned bear cubs may suckle own or their sibling’s body parts as a substitute for nipples. Forced premature weaning and subsequent deprivation of proper and sufficient stimulation of the suckling reflex can result in teatsearching behavior persisting into adulthood. Our data suggest that the fellatio behavior observed in the captive bears may have emerged from frustrated suckling reflex in individuals orphaned as cubs.
3

Distribution and genetic staus of brown bears in FYR Macedonia: implications for conservation

64%
Karamanlidis A. A., Stojanov A., de Gabriel Hernando M., Ivanov G., Kocijan I., Melovski D., Skrbinsek T., Zedrosser A.
Acta Theriologica
|
2014
|
tom 59
|
nr 1
Conservation and management of large carnivores is often hampered by the lack of information of basic biological parameters. This is particularly true for brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) of Macedonia. The bear population in this country is important, as it links bear populations of the central part of the Dinaric–Pindos population and the endangered population to the south in Greece. The aim of this study was to assess bear presence in FYR Macedonia and to provide the first evaluation of the genetic status of the species in this country. Bear presence was assessed through a questionnaire and sign surveys, while the genetic status of the species was evaluated through noninvasive genetic sampling from power poles and microsatellite analysis. The results of the study indicate the continuous and permanent presence of brown bears in FYR Macedonia from the border to Kosovo in the northwest, along the border to Albania and Greece in the south; bear presence around Mount Kožuf in the south of the country was seasonal. High levels of genetic diversity were recorded, and it appears that this bear population is currently not threatened by low genetic variability. Cross-border movements of bears between FYR Macedonia and Greece were documented, indicating the presence of an interconnected population and outlining the necessity for a coordinated international approach in the monitoring and conservation of the species in southeastern Europe.
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