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1

Two new cryptogonimid genera [Digenea, Cryptogonimidae] from Lutjanus bohar [Perciformes, Lutjanidae]: analyses of ribosomal DNA reveals wide geographic distribution and presence of cryptic species

100%
Miller T. L., Cribb T. H.
Acta Parasitologica
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2007
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tom 52
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nr 2
We describe three new species of Cryptogonimidae belonging to two new genera, Caulanus gen. nov. and Latuterus gen. nov., from the large piscivorous reef fish Lutjanus bohar Forsskål, 1775, recovered from Heron and Lizard Islands off the Great Barrier Reef and Rasdhoo Atoll, Maldives. To support our morphologically based taxonomic approach, three nuclear ribosomal DNA regions (28S, ITS1 and ITS2) were sequenced and analysed to explore the geographic distribution and integrity of the putative species recovered from these widespread localities. Sequencing of the rDNA regions included multiple replicates and revealed three distinct genotypes. Two of the observed genotypes were associated with phenotypically similar specimens of Latuterus, but were each restricted to a single locality, Lizard Island, GBR or Rasdhoo Atoll, Maldives. A posteriori analysis of the associated morphotypes revealed distinct morphological differences and these consistent differences, in combination with the consistent genetic differences led to the recognition of two distinct species in the system. Caulanus is distinguished by having oral spines, caeca which open via ani at the posterior end of the body, tandem testes and uterus that extends from the posterior end of the body to the pharynx. Latuterus is distinguished by lacking oral spines, having multiple/follicular testes, a uterus that is extensive in both fore-and hindbody and vitelline follicles which are confined to the region from the pharynx to oral sucker. Caulanus thomasi sp. nov. had identical sequences for all of the rDNA regions examined from specimens recovered from all three localities, indicating that this species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. The species reported here are evidently restricted to Lutjanus bohar because they were never found in large numbers of other lutjanid species sampled at the same localities.
2

Eight new species of Siphoderina Manter, 1934 [Digenea, Cryptogonimidae] infecting Lutjanidae and Haemulidae [Perciformes] of Australia

100%
Miller T. L., Cribb T. H.
Acta Parasitologica
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2008
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tom 53
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nr 4
We report nine species, eight of which are new, of cryptogonimids belonging to Siphoderina Manter, 1934 from the intestine and pyloric caeca of five species of Lutjanidae (Lutjanus adetii, L. argentimaculatus, L. carponotatus, L. fulviflamma and L. russelli) and one species of Haemulidae (Plectorhinchus gibbosus) recovered from Heron and Lizard Islands off the Great Barrier Reef, Moreton Bay and Ningaloo Reef in Western Australia. We also report the metacercariae of two species from an atherinid fish, Atherinomorus capricornensis, from near Heron Island. Morphological analysis of the species reported here was augmented by DNA sequence analyses utilizing data from the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and 2, large subunit (LSU) and 5.8S nuclear ribosomal DNA to explore the integrity of the species and their biogeographic distributions. The analysis found strong support for the integrity of Siphoderina and found that it is the sister-taxon to Beluesca Miller et Cribb, 2007. Sequencing included multiple replicates and no intraspecific variation was observed between any of the taxa over the rDNA regions examined. Sequence data from the ITS and LSU regions were analysed with that of species of Beluesca, Caulanus Miller et Cribb, 2007, Chelediadema Miller et Cribb, 2007, Latuterus Miller et Cribb, 2007, Neometadena Hafeezullah et Siddiqi, 1970 and Retrovarium Miller et Cribb, 2007 which all also infect lutjanids or haemulids. Some closely related species of Siphoderina infect only distantly related fishes among the haemulids and lutjanids whereas others form clusters in association with clusters of closely related lutjanids. This pattern suggests a history of some co-evolutionary divergence together with significant host switching. Pseudallacanthochasmus Velasquez, 1961 is considered a synonym of Siphoderina and the new combinations S. grandispinus (Velasquez, 1961) n. comb. and S. magnivesiculum (Gaevskaya et Aljoshkina, 1985) n. comb. are proposed. As a result of the new species described here and these new combinations, Siphoderina now contains 43 species, making it by far the largest genus of the Cryptogonimidae.
3

Varialvus gen. nov. [Digenea, Cryptogonimidae], from species of Lutjanidae [Perciformes] off the Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and the Maldives

81%
Miller T. L., Bray R. A., Justine J.-L., Cribb T. H.
Acta Parasitologica
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2010
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tom 55
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nr 4
327-339
A survey of the cryptogonimid trematode fauna infecting Indo-West Pacific Lutjanidae (Perciformes) revealed the presence of four new species whose morphological and genetic differences relative to all other known cryptogonimids warrants the proposal of a new genus, Varialvus gen. nov. Species of this new genus were recovered from sites off Heron and Lizard Islands on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, New Caledonia and Rasdhoo Atoll, Maldives. Varialvus gen. nov. is distinguished from all other cryptogonimid genera by the combination of a fusiform to oval body, the relatively small number of large oral spines, a median ovary which is relatively condensed and highly lobed, opposite to slightly oblique testes, uterine loops that are restricted to the hindbody and extend well posterior to the testes, and vitelline follicles that are mainly in the forebody but may extend from the anterior margin of the ovary to anterior to the intestinal bifurcation. Bayesian inference analysis of partial large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequence data for these species revealed that they formed a monophyletic clade, despite V. charadrus sp. nov. having a distinctly muscular gonotyl, which based on morphological characters alone may have warranted placement in a separate genus in the absence of DNA sequence data. At least one species of Varialvus gen. nov. is apparently widespread in the Indo-West Pacific. Three species, V. lacertus sp. nov., V. jenae sp. nov. and V. angustus sp. nov. have each been found at only one locality, but V. charadrus sp. nov. was recovered from lutjanids off the Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and the Maldives, demonstrating a biogeographic range of at least 10,000 kilometres. Siphoderina lutjani (Saoud, Ramadan et Al Kawari, 1988) Miller et Cribb, 2008 is transferred here as V. lutjani (Saoud, Ramadan et Al Kawari, 1988) n. comb. based on morphological and host group agreement with species of Varialvus gen. nov.
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