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System for model based automatic control of the convective drying process of lumber. This paper presents an electrical scheme and working algorithm of the created by the author system for model based automatic control of the temperature and relative humidity in convective drying chambers with inbuilt two specialized microprocessor programmable controllers. The first (main) controller based on mathematical model of the drying process computes the set-point values for the temperature and the relative humidity as a function of the wood specie, lumber thickness and the current average value for the wood moisture content. The second three channel controller ensures reliable and correct on line wood moisture measurement results for the set points calculation by the main controller. The individualization of the drying regimes according to the parameters of each consignment of different subjected to drying lumber ensures optimization of the quality and minimization of the energy costs of the whole process. Besides this, the implementation of the developed control system proves its high reliability. It is not only cheaper but also easier to tune service and apply in small woodworking companies.
Non-stationary mathematical model for computation of the specific steam consumption, which is needed for heating of subjected to steaming cylindrical materials in the presence and absence of ice in the wood, is suggested and solved in the present paper. The influence of different factors on the specific steam consumption of the pine logs is studied. The results from the solutions of the suggested model are used for development of computational algorithm of microprocessor system for automatic optimized control of the steaming of logs.
Functions of the programmable controller for model based control of the convective drying process of lumber. This paper presents an electrical scheme and functions of the inputs and outputs of a programmable controller for model based automatic control of the convective drying process of lumber in chambers. The controller based on mathematical model of the drying process computes the set-point values for the temperature and the relative humidity in the chamber as a function of the wood specie, lumber thickness and the current average value for the wood moisture content. After that the controller carries out automatically the current computed values of the regime drying parameters and controls the reversible chamber’s ventilators too. The individualization of the drying regimes according to the parameters of each consignment of different subjected to drying lumber ensures optimization of the quality and minimization of the energy costs of the whole process. Besides this, the implementation of the developed controller proves its high reliability. It is not only cheaper but also easier to tune service and apply in small woodworking companies.
Using suggested by authors equations for the specific mass capacity of the wood in relation to the steam-air mixture Cpv,,, the wood density p and the wood porosity Va, a mathematical description of the thermal expansion coefficients of the steam-air mixture in the wood bKa = p.cpm. T/(P. Va) in hygroscopic diapason has been made. The influence of the temperature T, pressure P. and moisture content U of the wood species on bm is taken into consideration.
Calculation of the specific heatcapacityof frozen wood during its defrosting in hygroscopic diapason. An approach for the calculation of the specific heat capacity c of frozen wood with ice in it, which is created from the freezing of hygroscopically bounded water, has been suggested. The approach takes into account the physics of the process of towing of this ice in the wood. It reflects for the first time the influence of the fiber saturation point ufsp of the separate wood species on the specific heat capacity of frozen wood c during wood defrosting in hygroscopic diapason and also the influence of the temperature on the ufsp and c. For the calculation of c according to the suggested approach a software program has been prepared, which has been input in the developed by Microsoft calculation environment of Visual Fortran Professional. With the help of the program computations have been made for the determination of c during towing of the mentioned above ice in oak wood with moisture content 0 ≤ u ≤ ufsp at the temperature range between -60oC and -0oC.
Methods for constructive dimensioning of the body, bottom and lid of autoclaves for wood treatment under pressure have been suggested. An application of the suggested methods is presented for the case of dimentioning of 3 types of autoclaves for steaming wood materials.
Using suggested by G.Shubin base equation and equations for wood porosity, partial pressure of dry air and water vapor, wood density, etc., a mathematical description of the specific mass capacity of the wood in relation to the steam-air mixture during its molar transfer process cpm in hygroscopic diapason has been made. The influence of temperature T, pressure P, moisture content U on cpva is taken into consideration. The mathematical description of cpva can be used for the computation of the different processes of hydro-heat treatment of wood with aim of optimization of their technology and automatic control.
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