Lymphomas, which originate from various forms of lymphocytes, are the most common hematological malignancies in dogs. Their etiology is complicated because of the lack of clearly identified pathological factors. In the current WHO classification there are three main groups of tumors: B-cell lymphomas, lymphomas with T and NK cells and Hodgkin’s disease. Lymphomas originating from B cell lines represent about 80 percent of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This paper presents our experiences in the diagnostics of lymphadenopathy. A 7-year-old male dog was brought to hospital because of a generalized enlargement of lymph nodes. Diagnostic procedures performed on the dog included a clinical examination, laboratory examinations of blood, ECG, X-ray and ultrasound examinations, two aspiration biopsies (FNAB) as well as a histopathological examination of a lymph node. Lymphoma therapy was administered in accordance with the COP chemotherapy protocol. Results of the clinical examination and laboratory tests confirmed the diagnosis of B-cell malignant lymphoma - lymphoblastic type. Lymphoma diagnostics are based on cytological and histopathological examinations and the cell proliferation ratio. The phenotype of the lymphoma is important for prognosis. The use of specific antibodies for the identification of CD surface antigens, including certain cell lines, is helpful in the diagnosis. The longest period of survival and control of the disease can be obtained by treatment with doxorubicin combined with simultaneous radiotherapy. In the case of recurrence, dacarbazine (DTIC) therapy is effective.
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