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The aim of the study was the presentation and evaluation of the results of serological monitoring of ovine epididymitis in Slovakia in 1995-2005. The study was based on the results of serological examinations for Brucella ovis antibodies carried out in 6 veterinary institutes (Bratislava, Nitra, Dolný Kubín, Zvolen, Košice, Prešov, Žilina, and Michalovce. During 1995-2004, the laboratory in Zvolen used the complement fixation test (CFT) in diagnostics of Brucella ovis infection, while other laboratories used mainly the double agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. In 2005, almost 56% of samples were examined by ELISA, 15% by CFT, and 29% by AGID test. Although CFT is the prescribed test for international trade, we regard AGID test as the most practical serological method because of its sensitivity, simplicity, and easy interpretation. Totally, 91 926 blood sera of rams and ewes were examined. Ewes were examined in statistically non-significant number (up to 3%) Out of this number, 7 160 were positive for Brucella ovis, that represents 7.78% seropositivity. We propose to carry out serological diagnostics for ovine epididymitis consisting of AGID+ELISA methods in breeding rams before mating season, including young rams. Negative results of the tests would guarantee economic profitability of breeding.
Data presented in this study focuses on the presence of anti-Borrelia antibodies in small mammals from Eastern Slovakia during 2000-2003. The total seropositivity observed was 18.78% in rodents. Amongst all species, the total seroprevalence in Apodemus flavicolis was the highest (20.87%), followed by Apodemus agrarius (19.58%) and Clethrionomys glareolus (11.11%). However, the prevalence in Apodemus flavicolis during the year 2000-2001 was higher (26.72%), which reduced to 10.60% in 2002-2003. To compare the year range of seroprevalence in other small mammals was not feasible due to the small sample number. Area-wise distribution of anti-Borrelia antibodies was even (18.75% to 20%) in this study, except in the Boťany province (0%). This confirms the equal distribution of Borrelia spirochetes in the other 3 localities. Prevalence of anti-Borrelia antibodies during summer was significantly higher than during autumn and early spring. The overall study also reviews the importance of small mammals in Lyme disease ecology.
The presence of antibodies against Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci in small mammals (Insectivora, Rodentia) in the region of East Slovakia are presented. The hosts were caught in several areas of Slovakia in habitats with different levels of anthropogenic disturbance. Research was carried out during 2000-2002. The authors examined 1,947 sera coming from 4 insectivore and 10 rodent species. Each serum was examined by micromethod of complement binding reactions using antigen Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) psittaci. Chlamydial infections were found in 251 individuals (prevalence 12.9%) of 8 mammal species. The antichlamydial antibodies were proved at levels ranging from 1:32-1:1024. The highest prevalence of antibodies was detected in the most abundant rodent species Apodemus microps (14.8%), Apodemus agrarius (13.9%), Apodemus flavicolis (12.4%), Microtus arvalis (12%), and Clethrionomys glareolus (10.9%). Positive hosts were registered in all studied localities. Testing of prevalence values in the individual research years confirmed significant changes. Our results showed that small mammals probably play an important role in the circulation of chlamydiae in nature.
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