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1

The inhomogeneity of vertical distributions of suspended matter in the sea - consequences for remote sensing

100%
Bradtke K., Krezel A.
Oceanologia
|
1994
|
tom 36
|
nr 1
2
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Spatial and interannual variations of seasonal sea surface temperature patterns in the Baltic Sea

81%
Bradtke K., Herman A., Urbanski J. A.
Oceanologia
|
2010
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tom 52
|
nr 3
345-362
On the basis of monthly averaged satellite data, this study examined how the annual cycle of the Baltic Sea surface temperature (SST) varied spatially and temporally during the period 1986–2005. We conclude that there are two main thermal seasons in the Baltic Sea separated only by short transitional periods – spring lasting about one month, and autumn lasting two months. Generally speaking, summer covers the part of the year from June to October with the highest monthly mean SST in August. Winter, with a minimum monthly mean SST in February in shallow waters or in March in deeper areas, lasts from December to April. As a result of climate changes over the Baltic Sea region, strong positive trends in SST occur in the summer months. In consequence, the period with extremely high sea surface water temperatures has become slightly longer in the central Baltic. In the last decade winter changes in SST display zero or even negative tendencies. The investigated period was characterized by an annual increase in mean temperatures of about 0.03–0.07◦C. However, the rates of monthly mean SST changes were sometimes more than three times as high.
3
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance of selected phytoplankton species from the Baltic Sea

81%
Soja-Wozniak M., Darecki M., Wojtasiewicz B., Bradtke K.
Oceanologia
|
2018
|
tom 60
|
nr 1
Results of unique laboratory measurements of remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) of several phytoplankton species typically occurring in high abundances in the Baltic Sea waters are presented. Reflectance spectra for diatoms: Cyclotella meneghiniana and Skeletonema marinoi and Dolichospermum sp., Nodularia spumigena and sp. were analysed in terms of assessment of their characteristic features and the differences between them. These species contain similar pigments, which results in general similarities of reflectance spectra, i.e. decrease of reflectance magnitude in the blue and red spectrum regions. However, hyper-spectral resolution of optical measurements let us find differences between optical signatures of diatoms and cyanobacteria groups and between species belonging to one group as well. These differences are reflected in location of local maxima and minima in the reflectance spectrum and changes in relative height of characteristic peaks with changes of phytoplankton concentration. Wide ranges of phytoplankton concentrations were analysed in order to show the persistence of Rrs characteristic features. The picoplankton species, Synechococcus sp. show the most distinct optical signature, which let to distinguish separate cluster in hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results can be used to calibrate input data into radiative transfer model, e.g. phase function or to validate modelled Rrs spectra.
4

Use of satellite data in monitoring of hydrophysical parameters of the Baltic Sea environment

81%
Krezel A., Bradtke K., Herman A.
Polish Maritime Research
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2015
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tom 22
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nr 3
Intensive development of infrastructure for fast processing of outsized amount of space-borne data enables now to use the satellite data for operational controlling the state of its environment. In our presentation we show some examples of analysis of processes in marine environment which are possible due to satellite data and algorithms of its processing developed in SatBaltic Project. It concerns supporting of modelling of solar energy inflow to the sea with space-borne input data, identification and analysis of sea ice cover, supporting of oil spill detection, and identification of phenomena which modify spatial distribution of the sea surface temperature
5

Temporal and spatial variations in particle concentrations and size distributions in the Gulf of Gdansk

81%
Bradtke K., Latala A., Czabanski P.
Oceanological Studies
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1997
|
tom 26
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nr 2-3
6

Suspended particulate matter in the Hel upwelling Region [the Baltic Sea]

81%
Bradtke K., Burska D., Matciak M., Szymelfenig M.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2005
|
tom 34
|
nr Suppl.2
7

Description of hydrological conditions in the Hel upwelling Region [the Baltic Sea]

61%
Matciak M., Burska D., Bradtke K., Kaluzny M., Szymanek L., Szymelfenig M.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2005
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tom 34
|
nr Suppl.2
8
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Algorithms for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 2: Empirical validation

51%
Darecki M., Ficek D., Krezel A., Ostrowska M., Majchrowski R., Wozniak S. B., Bradtke K., Dera J., Wozniak B.
Oceanologia
|
2008
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
509-538
This paper is the second of two articles on the methodology of the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. In Part 1 the authors presented the set of DESAMBEM algorithms for determining the major parameters of this ecosystem on the basis of satellite data (see Woźniak et al. 2008 – this issue). That article discussed in detail the mathematical apparatus of the algorithms. Part 2 presents the effects of the practical application of the algorithms and their validation, the latter based on satellite maps of selected Baltic ecosystem parameters: the distributions of the sea surface temperature (SST), the Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) at the sea surface, the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the total primary production of organic matter. Particular emphasis was laid on analysing the precision of estimates of these and other parameters of the Baltic ecosystem, determined by remote sensing methods. The errors in these estimates turned out to be relatively small; hence, the set of DESAMBEM algorithms should in the future be utilised as the foundation for the effective satellite monitoring of the state and functioning of the Baltic ecosystem.
9
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Biological volarisation of the Southern Baltic Sea (Polish Exclusive Economic Zone)

51%
Weslawski J. M., Warzocha J., Wiktor J., Urbanski J., Bradtke K., Kryla L., Tatarek A., Kotwicki L., Piwowarczyk J.
Oceanologia
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2009
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tom 51
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nr 3
415-435
A biological valuation system to assess the value associated with ecosystem stability and richness (and not that from the point of view of users) is proposed to provide scientific decision support for marine protected areas and marine spatial planning. The system is based on the assessment of individual species and habitat/species assemblages. An extensive set of recently collected (2007–08) and archival (1970 –2000) data on the occurrence of marine benthos was analysed for the PolishMarine Areas. Based on matching data sets of sediments, the euphotic zone, temperature and salinity, as well as fetch and sea current values, a GIS model was used to visualise the results; a map indicates the two areas which are considered to be biologically the most valuable (Puck Bay and the stony shallows of the central coast).
10
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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A study of episodic events in the Baltic Sea – combined in situ and satellite observations

42%
Lysiak-Pastuszak E., Bartoszewicz M., Bradtke K., Darecki M., Drgas N., Kowalczuk P., Krasniewski W., Krezel A., Krzyminski W., Lewandowski L., Mazur-Marzec H., Piliczewski B., Sagan S., Sutryk K., Witek B.
Oceanologia
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2012
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tom 54
|
nr 2
A project was developed concerning the operational system of surveillance and the recording of episodic events in the Baltic Sea. In situ information was to be combined with multi-sensory satellite imagery to determine the extent of algal blooms, to track their evolution and that of rapid environmental events like hydrological fronts. The main element of the system was an autonomous Ferry Box module on a ferry operating between Gdynia and Karlskrona, automatically measuring temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a fluorescence. At pre-selected locations, discrete water samples were collected, which were subsequently analysed for their phytoplankton content, and algal hepato- and neurotoxins; they were also used in toxicity tests with Artemia franciscana.
11
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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SatBaltyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 2: Practical applicability and preliminary results

42%
Wozniak B., Bradtke K., Darecki M., Dera J., Dudzinska-Nowak J., Dzierzbicka-Glowacka L., Ficek D., Furmanczyk K., Kowalewski M., Krezel A., Majchrowski R., Ostrowska M., Paszkuta M., Ston-Egiert J., Stramska M., Zapadka T.
Oceanologia
|
2011
|
tom 53
|
nr 4
This paper is the second part of the description of the first stage of the SatBałtyk project’s implementation. Part 1 (Woźniak et al. 2011, in this issue) presents the assumptions and objectives of SatBałtyk and describes the most important stages in the history of our research, which is the foundation of this project. It also discusses the operation and general structure of the SatBałtyk system. Part 2 addresses various aspects of the practical applicability of the SatBałtyk Operational System to Baltic ecosystem monitoring. Examples are given of the Baltic’s characteristics estimated using the preliminary versions of the algorithms in this Operational System. At the current stage of research, these algorithms apply mainly to the characteristics of the solar energy influx and the distribution of this energy among the various processes taking place in the atmosphere-sea system, and also to the radiation balance of the sea surface, the irradiance conditions for photosynthesis and the condition of plant communities in the water, sea surface temperature distributions and some other marine phenomena correlated with this temperature. Monitoring results obtained with these preliminary algorithms are exemplified in the form of distribution maps of selected abiotic parameters of the Baltic, as well as structural and functional characteristics of this ecosystem governed by these parameters in the Baltic’s many basins. The maps cover practically the whole area of the Baltic Sea. Also given are results of preliminary inspections of the accuracy of the magnitudes shown on the maps. In actual fact, the errors of these estimates are relatively small. The further practical application of this set of algorithms (to be gradually made more specific) is therefore entirely justified as the basis of the SatBałtyk system for the effective operational monitoring of the state and functioning of Baltic ecosystems. This article also outlines the plans for extending SatBałtyk to include the recording of the effects and hazards caused by current and expected storm events in the Polish coastal zone.
12
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SatBałtyk – A Baltic environmental satellite remote sensing system – an ongoing project in Poland. Part 1: Assumptions, scope and operating range

42%
Wozniak B., Bradtke K., Darecki M., Dera J., Dudzinska-Nowak J., Dzierzbicka-Glowacka L., Ficek D., Furmanczyk K., Kowalewski M., Krezel A., Majchrowski R., Ostrowska M., Paszkuta M., Ston-Egiert J., Stramska M., Zapadka T.
Oceanologia
|
2011
|
tom 53
|
nr 4
This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by a Polish team. The main aim of the five- year SatBałtyk (2010–2014) research project (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment) is to prepare the technical infrastructure and set in motion operational procedures for the satellite monitoring of the Baltic environment. This system is to characterize on a routine basis the structural and functional properties of this sea on the basis of data supplied by the relevant satellites. The characterization and large-scale dissemination of the following properties of the Baltic is anticipated: the solar radiation influx to the sea’s waters in various spectral intervals, energy balances of the short- and long-wave radiation at the Baltic Sea surface and in the upper layers of the atmosphere over the Baltic, sea surface temperature distribution, dynamic states of the water surface, concentrations of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in the Baltic water, distributions of algal blooms, the occurrence of upwelling events, and the characteristics of primary organic matter production and photosynthetically released oxygen in the water. It is also intended to develop and, where feasible, to implement satellite techniques for detecting slicks of petroleum derivatives and other compounds, evaluating the state of the sea’s ice cover, and forecasting the hazards from current and future storms and providing evidence of their effects in the Baltic coastal zone. The ultimate objective of the project is to implement an operational system for the routine determination and dissemination on the Internet of the above-mentioned features of the Baltic in the form of distribution maps as well as plots, tables and descriptions characterizing the state of the various elements of the Baltic environment. The main sources of input data for this system will be the results of systematic recording by environmental satellites and also special-purpose ones such as TIROS N/NOAA, MSG (currently Meteosat 9), EOS/AQUA and ENVISAT. The final effects of the SatBałtyk project are to be achieved by the end of 2014, i.e. during a period of 60 months. These two papers present the results obtained during the first 15 months of the project. Part 1 of this series of articles contains the assumptions, objectives and a description of the most important stages in the history of our research, which constitute the foundation of the current project. It also discusses the way in which SatBałtyk functions and the scheme of its overall operations system. The second article (Part 2), will discuss some aspects of its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Woźniak et al. (2011) in this issue).
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