Wiosną 2001 roku posadzono na glebie typu mada, wytworzonej z pyłu ilastego dwuletnie drzewa odmiany Golden Delicious z jednoroczną koronką, zaokulizowane na czterech podkładkach: M.9 EMLA, M.27, P 22 i PB-4. Wzrost drzew ‘Golden Delicious’ oceniany przyrostem pola powierzchni przekroju pnia, zarówno w okresach dwuletnich, jak i za cały siedmioletni okres badań, zależał od zastosowanej podkładki. Najsłabiej rosły drzewa ‘Golden Delicious’ zaokulizowane na podkładce PB-4. Przyrost drzew za okres 7 lat na tej podkładce stanowił około 28% przyrostu drzew na podkładce M.9 EMLA. Natomiast przyrost drzew na podkładkach M.27 i P 22 stanowił około 40% przyrostu drzew na podkładce M.9 EMLA, przyjętej za standard. W całym 5 letnim okresie (2002-2006) najlepiej plonowały drzewa na podkładce M.9 EMLA i to zarówno jeśli chodzi o plon z drzewa (kg∙drzewo-1) jak i plon z hektara (t∙ha-1). Owoce z drzew posadzonych na podkładce M.9 EMLA posiadały również największą masę. Natomiast oceniając plonowanie wskaźnikiem intensywności owocowania (WIO), należy stwierdzić, że za cały okres badań (2002-2006) drzewa na podkładce PB-4 miały najwyższy wskaźnik i był on o 35% wyższy niż u drzew na M.9 EMLA uznanej za standard.
In intensive fruit production, in order to obtain high yields, it is necessary to use high fertilization rates as well as plant protection products. An alternative to that kind of production is presented by natural stimulators of plant growth and development called biofertilizers, biopreparations, biostimulators or phytostimulators. They are preparations of natural (plant or animal) origin, harmless to humans and the environment. Biostimulators contain biologically active substances, i.e. plant hormones, enzymes, macro- and microelements, and other compounds that stimulate the growth and development of plants. New approaches to agriculture tend to use environmentally friendly and safe products with a broad spectrum of activity. Nowadays many preparations offered for crop production are designed not only to fertilize the plants and stimulate their growth, but also to protect them from diseases or pests. Phosphite-containing products act as fertilizers or fungicides, and sometimes as biostimulants. "Resistim" is an activating stimulant and fertilizer composed of a potassium phosphite and natural betaines. Vol. 18(1)2010: 111-124 The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of "Resistim" on the growth and development of three strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). Two of them are short-day cultivars: 'Honeoye' and 'Elsanta', while 'Selva' is a day-neutral cultivar. The experiment was established in October 2008 under controlled conditions in a glasshouse and was carried out for three months. The plants were planted into a mixture of sandy mineral soil and peat in rhizoboxes enabling visualization of root growth and development. The plants were fertilized with standard NPK fertilization (N - 1.02 g, P - 1.9 g, K - 0.78 g per rhizobox), "Resistim" at the dose of 0.2% and 0.4% and NPK (N - 1.02 g, P - 1.9 g, K - 0.78 g) with "Resistim" at the dose of 0.2% and 0.4%, andwatered by an automatic, computer-controlled watering system. Control plants were not fertilized. The data obtained showed significant differences in the responses of the cultivars to "Resistim" treatment 'Honeoye' was the most responsive, although the other two cultivars also responded positively to the treatment with "Resistim". Further field research is required to determine whether the supplemental application of "Resistim" can be beneficial for strawberry fruit production.
The experiments were carried out in 2005-2007. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the growth and yielding of sour cherry cultivars in central Poland. The explored cultivars differed in vigour, cropping and also in response to spring frost. The most vigorous, indicated by the trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), length of one-year shoots and leaf area, were 'Sabina', 'Lucyna', 'Karneol' and 'Ujfehertoi Furtos'. The weakest in vigour were 'Northstar', 'Schattenmorelle IR-2' and 'Koral'. The best fruit set was observed in 'Schattenmorelle IR-2' and the worst in 'Karneol'. The cultivars 'Lucyna', 'Schattenmorelle IR-2', 'Sabina' and 'Vowi' gave the highest yield per tree. 'Karneol', 'Ujfehertoi Furtos', 'Northstar' and 'Debreceni Botermo' gave the lowest yield per tree. The greatest damage by the spring frosts of 2007 was observed in the following cultivars: 'Lucyna', 'Debreceni Botermo', 'Karneol' and 'Sabina'. The most resistant to spring frosts turned out to be 'Northstar' and 'Schattenmorelle IR-2'.
Preliminary experiments were carried out in spring 2006. The percentage of fruit set of ‘Schattenmorelle IR-2’, ‘Koral’, ‘Debreceni Bötermö’, ‘Újfefértói Fürtos’ and ‘Karneol’ was higher after open pollination compared with self-pollination. The cultivar Vowi had an inconsiderably higher percentage of fruit set after self-pollination compared with open pollination. The percentage of fruit set in ‘Debreceni Bötermö’ and ‘Újfehértói Fürtos’ was about 25 % higher after pollination by ‘Schattenmorelle IR-2’ and ‘Koral’ compared with the percentage of fruit set after cross – pollination of both cultivars with each other. In general, they did not appear to be good pollinators with each other. The highest quality of pollen was observed for the following cultivars: ‘Schattenmorelle IR-2’, ‘Koral’ and Vowi and the lowest result was obtained in ‘Újfehértói Fürtos’. The highest yield was given by the following cultivars: Vowi, Schattenmorelle IR-2 and Koral.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.