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1

Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in rat skeletal muscles during a single running exercise up to exhaustion

100%
Murawska-Cialowicz E., Januszewska L., Podhorska-Okolow M., Dziegiel P.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
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2009
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tom 53
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nr 4
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the oxidative stress may be the reason for apoptosis in skeletal muscles in rats. Rats were divided into two groups - controls and exposed to physical exercise. Rats were running on the treadmill at the speed of 1km/h until exhaustion. After the exercise, the concentration of lipid peroxidation markers - malonylodialdehyde and 4- hydroxyalkenes (MDA+4-HDA), and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was determined in the homogenates of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle and slow-twitch (ST) fibres in 2, 6, and 96 h of restitution. Aconitase activity as a marker of oxidative protein modification was determined in ST fibres and EDL muscle. Additionally, apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL technique. A significant increase in MDA+4HDA concentrations in comparison to the control group was noticed in both ST fibres and EDL muscle after 6 h. GSH concentration in 2 and 6 h after exercise was significantly decreased in ST fibres and in EDL muscle in all measurements, when compared to the control group. Aconitase activity in ST fibres and EDL muscle was also significantly decreased 2 h after the exercise when compared to the control group, but increased in 6 h of restitution. Apoptotically-changed nuclei were observed only in EDL fibres. On the basis of the results and the suggested mechanism, it can be thought that the oxidative stress triggers apoptosis in ST fibres and in EDL muscle after exercise and it starts in the mitochondria.
2
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Melatonin decreases homocysteine level in blood of rats

76%
Murawska-Cialowicz E., Januszewska L., Zuwala-Jagiello J., Milczarska J., Zawadzki M., Paprocka-Borowicz M., Wierzbicka-Damska I.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2008
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tom 59
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nr 4
717-729
Elevated plasma homocysteine level promotes atherosclerosis in blood vessels due to, among others, generation of reactive oxygen species and reduction of nitric oxide bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether melatonin administration reduces plasma homocysteine level in rats consuming increased doses of methionine in the diet. The trial lasted for two months. The rats were divided into a few groups - 2 groups consisted of animals fed a standard diet, 2 groups consisted of animals fed a diet rich in methionine for one and two months, a group which had methionine removed from the diet in the second month, a group which had methionine removed from the diet and melatonin administered in the second month, a group still fed a diet rich in methonine in the second month and also given melatonin, and a group of animals on a diet rich in methionine for two months and given melatonin at the same time. Hcy, lipid peroxidation markers (MDA+4HNE) and nitric oxide metabolite (NO2-/NO3-) concentrations were determined in the plasma of all the rats. As a result of the tests it was found that plasma Hcy concentration increases in the first month of a methionine-rich diet but then decreases in the second month. MDA+4HNE changes are similar. Melatonin significantly intensifies the effects. The changes of NO2-/NO3- concentrations were noticed especially in the groups receiving melatonin. Elimination of methionine from the feed does not change the value of NO2-/NO3-. NO production increases only after administration of melatonin. On the basis of received results it might be stated that melatonin administration together with a methionine-rich diet significantly decreases Hcy concentration, the level of oxidative stress and increases NO production. It might have some practical implications, especially when the level of endogenous melatonin decreases e.g. in elderly people or people with hyperhomocysteinemia.
3

Ocena aktywności wybranych enzymów antyoksydacyjnych we krwi koni z nawracającą chorobą obturacyjną dróg oddechowych

76%
Niedzwiedz A., Nicpon J., Borowicz H., Los P., Zawadzki M., Januszewska L.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2011
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tom 67
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nr 02
The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes in horses diagnosed with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). The study was conducted on a group of 40 horses, various breeds, divided into two groups, aged 8-15 years, including 15 males and 25 mares. Blood was collected for antioxidant analyses from 20 recurrent airway obstruction (RAO)-affected horses and 20 healthy control horses. The authors determined the activity of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase in the blood. Average reductase activity in a group of healthy horses was 79.7 U/g, while in the group of RAO-affected horses it was 39.7 U/g. The average activity of glutathione peroxidase in the group of healthy horses was 47.8 U/g, while in the group of RAO-affected horses it was 37.8 U/g. The average activity of glutathione S-transferase in the group of healthy horses was 39.8 U/g, while in the group of RAO-affected horses it was 21.8 U/g. The resulting research indicates that oxidative stress is a consequence of chronic airway inflammation in the course of RAO in horses.
4

Ocena parametrow stresu oksydacyjnego w mozgach szczurow intoksykowanych manganem

76%
Zawadzki M., Pawlas K., Niedzwiedz A., Murawska-Cialowicz E., Januszewska L., Nicpon J.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2008
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tom 64
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nr 06
836-839
The significance of mangane as an environmental pollutant has increased in previous years. In this study the authors present the influence of chronic exposure of mangane on oxidative stress parameters. Depending on the position in the brain, the authors observed the following changes: decrease of GPx and GR activity in the brain stem, similarly in the cerebellum; in the brain’s hemispheres, however, an increase of GST activity and a decrease of GR activity was observed. CAT activity in all these three structures remained at a lower, constant level.
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