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1

Ethylene antagonizes the inhibition of germination in Arabidopsis induced by salinity by modulating the concentration of hydrogen peroxide

100%
Lin Y., Wang J., Zu Y., Tang Z.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
|
tom 34
|
nr 5
The capacity of plants to achieve successful germination and early seedling establishment under high salinity is crucial for tolerance of plants to salt. The gaseous hormone ethylene has been implicated in modulating salt tolerance, but the detailed role of how ethylene modulates the response of early seedling establishment to salt is unclear. To better understand the role of the ethylene signal transduction pathway during germination and seedling establishment, an ethylene insensitive mutation (ein2-5) and an ethylene sensitive mutation (ctr1-1) of Arabidopsis were analyzed under saline conditions and compared with the wild type plant (Col-0) as control. High salinity (>100 mM NaCl) inhibited and delayed germination. These effects were more severe in the ethylene insensitive mutants (ein2-5) and less severe in the constitutive ethylene sensitive plants (ctr1-1) compared with Col-0 plants. Addition of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) or inhibitors of ethylene action implied that ethylene was essential for early seedling establishment under normal and saline conditions. Salt stress increased the endogenous concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in germinating seeds and ACC reduced its concentration. Our results suggest that ethylene promotes germination under salinity by modulating the endogenous concentration of H₂O₂ in germinating seeds. These findings demonstrate that ethylene is involved in regulating germination as an initiator of the process rather than consequence, and that ethylene promotes germination by modulating the endogenous concentration of H₂O₂ in germinating seeds under salinity.
2

Transfer to wheat [Triticum aestivum] of small chromosome segments from rye [Secale cereale] carrying disease resistance genes

100%
Fu S., Tang Z., Ren Z., Zhang H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2010
|
tom 51
|
nr 2
115-121
One hundred wheat lines, derived from monosomic additions of chromosome 1R of rye inbred line R12 (Chinese rye), were detected by PCR amplification using rye-specific primer pairs. Only 5 wheat lines, 1R296, 1R330, 1R314, 1R725,and 1R734, were determined to contain rye chromatin. While 1R296 and 1R330 were highly susceptible to stripe rust and powdery mildew, 1R314, 1R725 and IR734 were highly resistant to both diseases. Acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the ω-secalin bands were absent in 1R314, but present in the other 4 wheat lines. Genomic in situ hybridization indicated that 1R296, 1R330, and 1R725 contained translocations involving the whole short arm of chromosome 1R. However, 1R314 and 1R734 contained a pair of wheat chromosomes with small, terminal, rye-derived chromosome segments. The results suggest that the translocation breakpoint of 1 RS in 1R314 was located between the Sec-1 locus and the disease-resistance loci, while in line 1R734, the breakpoint was located between the Sec-1 locus and the centromere. Taking account of the improved disease resistance of 1R725,1R314 and 1R734, the chromosome arm 1 RS of R12 may represent new and valuable disease resistance resources for wheat improvement.
3

Oligonucleotides replacing the roles of repetitive sequences pAs1, pSc119.2, pTa-535, pTa71, CCS1, and pAWRC.1 for FISH analysis

100%
Tang Z., Yang Z., Fu S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2014
|
tom 55
|
nr 3
4

Contamination potential assessment of potable groundwater in Lahore, Pakistan

100%
Akhtar M. M., Tang Z., Mohamadi B.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2014
|
tom 23
|
nr 6
The water supply in Lahore, Pakistan, is totally dependent on groundwater, which is creating a number of challenges due to mismanagement of groundwater resources and an exploding population. An unconfined aquifer is receiving pollutants from a poor drainage system, non-scientific landfills, and through untreated effluents from industries and domestic sources. A study was conducted to evaluate groundwater qualities: total dissolved solids, total hardness, pH, alkalinity, and turbidity. Using geographic information system (GIS), drinking water quality zones were developed with groundwater chemical analysis data. Applying World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standards, 61% of the total area is excellent, 27% is good, 9% is moderate and 3% has poor quality, while only 5% of the area is excellent, 29% is good, 34% is moderate, and 32% is not suitable for drinking purposes using Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority (PSQCA) drinking water standards. According to 2010 groundwater chemical analysis data, most areas have suitable zones for drinking purposes; however, there is high risk of continuous contamination. Finally, this study identifies highly contaminated groundwater zones and makes it convenient to find actual pollutants. Therefore, plans are needed to protect the aquifer.
5

Loss-of-function mutation of EIN2 in Arabidopsis exaggerates oxidative stress induced by salinity

88%
Lin Y., Chen D., Paul M., Zu Y., Tang Z.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2013
|
tom 35
|
nr 04
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress under adverse environmental conditions, such as salinity. Ethylene decreases accumulation of ROS induced by salinity, but the mechanism is still unclear. To examine the interactions between salinity and ROS accumulation and the possible role of ethylene metabolism in regulation, we used mutant ein2-5 in Arabidopsis with loss of function in EIN2. The mutant is compared to the wild-type Col-0, completely insensitivity to ethylene at the morphological, physiological and molecular levels. The oxidative responses of the wild type and mutant to salinity were compared. Loss-of-function of EIN2 enhanced sensitivity to salinity, implying that EIN2 is required for plant response to salinity. Furthermore, salinity resulted in accumulation of large amounts of ROS in ein2-5 seedlings when compared with Col-0, suggesting that the loss-of-function of EIN2 exaggerates oxidative stress induced by salinity. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD and CAT decreased significantly in ein2-5 under salinity when compared with Col-0 plants. The expression profiles of the genes Fe-SOD, PODs and CAT1, which code for ROS scavenging enzymes were severely decreased in ein2-5 under salinity compared with Col-0, suggesting that EIN2 was involved in regulating expression of these genes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that loss-of-function of EIN2 increased oxidative stress induced by salinity and that EIN2 is involved in modulating ROS accumulation, at least in part, by decreasing activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes.
6

A role for Ethylene-Insensitive3 in the regulation of hydrogen peroxide production during seed germination under high salinity in Arabidopsis

88%
Lin Y., Yang L., Chen D., Zu Y., Tang Z.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2013
|
tom 35
|
nr 05
The Arabidopsis Ethylene-Insensitive3 (EIN3) has received attention recently and has been shown to be involved in the regulation of multitude of responses ranging from biotic stress defense and development to hormone interaction. To better understand the roles of EIN3 in plants response to salinity stress during germination and postgermination development, seeds of two EIN3 deficient mutant and a EIN3 overexpression mutant of Arabidopsis were analyzed under salinity and compared with Col-0 as control. The results showed that the ein3-1eil1-1 double mutant (lacking EIN3 and EIN3-Like1) and ein3-1 (lacking EIN3) were hypersensitive to high salinity ([150 mM NaCl), while EIN3 overexpression mutant (EIN3ox) displayed enhanced tolerance, indicating that EIN3 plays important roles during seed germination under salinity. In addition, we also found that the two EIN3 deficient mutant seedlings accumulate high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which was thought to be an inhibitor of germination under salinity before, suggesting that EIN3 may function as a negative regulator of reactive oxygen species metabolism in germinating seeds under salinity. Taken together, our studies provide insights that EIN3 promotes seed germination under salinity, at least in part, through modulating concentration of H2O2 in germinating seeds.
7

Temporal and spatial patterns of seed dispersal of Musa acuminata by Cynopterus sphinx

76%
Tang Z., Sheng L., Ma X., Cao M., Parsons S., Ma J., Zhang S.
Acta Chiropterologica
|
2007
|
tom 09
|
nr 1
The foraging behavior of greater short-nosed fruit bats (Cynopterus sphinx) on wild banana (Musa acuminata) and subsequent dispersal of seeds were studied in the Tropical Rainforest Conservation Area, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan province, by direct observation of marked fruits, mist netting, and seed collection. The mean number (± SE) of individual C. sphinx captured by mist net were 2.2 ± 0.33/day and 1.4 ± 0.32/day in the rainy season (September to October) and dry season (November to December), respectively; the difference was not significant. The number of seed pellets expelled was 9.0 ± 1.12/day and 7.2 ± 1.37/day in the rainy and dry seasons respectively; again the difference was not significant. The removal curves for marked fruit were similar for 10 focal trees. Fruits were consumed heavily within two weeks after ripening and all the marked fruit were removed within one month. The difference in seed dispersal was significant between different feeding roosts indicating that patterns of seed dispersal may not be uniform. We found the seeds of M. acuminata can be dispersed by C. sphinx to a distance of about 200 m, and C. sphinx can be considered as an effective seed disperser of M. acuminata.
8

Exogenous ethylene enhanced the cadmium resistance and changed the alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus seedlings

76%
Chen Q., Wu K., Tang Z., Guo Q. X., Guo X., Wang H.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2017
|
tom 39
|
nr 12
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