Ludwigia palustris has always been a very rare species in Central Europe. In Slovakia, its occurrence remained unconfirmed for over 60 years and it was therefore considered extinct. The paper reports its rediscovery on two sites in SE Slovakia. Both localities were found in the Latorica River catchment area in 2015 when persistent summer droughts enabled the development of natural mudflat vegetation in the dried oxbows. Confirmation of this historic site indicates the long-term survival ability of the species. We assigned L. palustris dominated vegetation in the class Isoëto-Nanojuncetea, association Ludwigio palustris-Lindernietum procumbentis. This association is new to Slovakia as well as for Central Europe. The stands of this association developed on the exposed muddy shores of disconnected oxbow lake.
A new species of parasitic nematode, Philometroides barbi sp. nov., is described from subgravid and mature females parasitic in the Mediterranean barbel Barbus meridionalis Risso (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in France, Serbia and Slovakia. Mature females were recorded under the serosa of the host's swimbladder, whereas large subgravid females (body length 62.0-80.9 mm) were found in the abdominal cavity. One small subgravid specimen (body length 10.4 mm) was recovered from the fin. The new species differs from other congeners in possessing four conspicuously large caudal lobes; from many species it can be also differentiated by the distribution of cuticular bosses and by the structure and length of the oesophagus. P. barbi is the third species of Philometroides known from European freshwater fishes and the only representative of this genus in barbels (Barbus spp.).
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