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Dietary interventions in the treatment of metabolic syndrome as a cardiovascular disease risk-inducing factor. A review

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Mandecka A., Regulska-Ilow B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2018

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tom 69

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nr 3

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a concept which refers to a simultaneous occurrence of clinically significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors that increase the risk of atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes as well as their vascular complications. The metabolic syndrome is a complex disorder, therefore its treatment should be multifactorial and intensive. MetS occurs due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Each of MetS components is a well-known risk factor of atherosclerosis. Such modifications to the lifestyle as increasing physical activity, introducing a well-balanced diet and reducing the body mass are associated with reduced occurrence of MetS and its individual components. It is necessary to implement proper dietary processes, a physical training program and pharmacological treatment. The treatment of MetS should begin with weight loss, which affects the occurrence of abdominal obesity, as well as increased physical activity, leading to an increased tissue sensitivity to insulin. It is recommended to introduce a low-energy, individually balanced diet that will lead to a 7-10% weight loss over the course of 6-12 months. Patients are also advised to quit smoking and limit the consumption of salt and alcohol.

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The importance of nutritional management and education in the treatment of autism

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Mandecka A., Regulska-Ilow B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2022

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tom 73

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nr 3

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorders. The key symptoms of ASD include social deficits, verbal and non-verbal communication deficits, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities. Dietary patterns have been evidenced to be related to maternal nutritional status that might lead to different metabolic conditions, and maternal metabolic dysfunction has been observed to be associated with ASD. Furthermore growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota has a role in the pathophysiology of ASD. Differences in composition of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in children with ASD compared to unaffected siblings and/or healthy unrelated controls have been reported in various studies. The above-mentioned ASD factors and symptoms can be regulated by proper nutrition. The importance of nutrition and its possible impact on ASD patients is key to integral therapy. According to numerous research studies, various nutritional approaches succeeded in reducing the severity of patients' core ASD symptoms. The numerous options for diet that is used in the ASD therapy, as described in the scientific literature, are related to the problem of choosing an appropriate nutritional treatment. Each nutrition programme needs to be personalised and tailored to an individual patient. The aim of the paper is to review the available literature on dietary interventions in children with ASD and provide up-to-date evidence.

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Comparison of nutritional value of "fruit and vegetables" and "western" dietary patterns identified in a group of cancer patients

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Czekajlo A., Rozanska D., Mandecka A., Konikowska K., Madalinska M., Regulska-Ilow B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2017

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tom 68

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nr 4

Background. Dietary patterns (DPs) are defined as the amounts, types and combinations of various food products in habitual diets and the frequency of their consumption. Dietary pattern analysis is usually performed in order to assess the combined effect of consumed food products on health. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the nutritional value of dietary patterns identified in a group of patients staying on the oncological ward. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 100 patients (51 women and 49 men) aged 19-83 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) validated for the population of Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Results. Factor analysis identified two main dietary patterns explaining 25.6% of variance. The “fruit and vegetables” DP consisted of vegetables, fruits, juices, unrefined grains and nuts, seeds and raisins. Instead, the “Western” DP was characterized by the consumption of high-fat and processed meat and poultry, fried fish, refined grains, honey and sugar, fats, sweets, beverages and chips. While higher scores for “fruit and vegetables” pattern were associated with increased intake of dietary fiber, antioxidant vitamins, folic acid and decreased glycemic load per 1000 kcal and sodium intake, for “Western” pattern observed relationships were opposite. Women were more likely to have higher factor scores for “fruit and vegetables” DP and lower factor scores for “Western” DP than men. Conclusions. Dietary patterns identified in the study group differed in terms of nutritional value, in spite of similar macronutrient content in the diet. “Western” DP was characterized by lower nutritional value than “fruit and vegetables” dietary pattern.

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Dietary intake of minerals in diets of adults preparing for marathon

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Salomon A., Mandecka A., Rozanska D., Konikowska K., Kosendiak A., Regulska-Ilow B.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2017

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tom 18

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nr 2

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Glycemic load and carbohydrates content in the diets of cancer patients

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Czekajło A., Rozanska D., Mandecka A., Konikowska K., Madalinska M., Szuba A., Regulska-Ilow B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2017

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tom 68

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nr 3

Background: Glycemic load (GL) is used to evaluate how various food products affect blood sugar level. According to some studies, high dietary GL may increase the risk of cancer development and recurrence. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess dietary glycemic load and intake of carbohydrates derived from various food products by patients staying on an oncological ward. Material and methods: The study group included 100 cancer patients aged 19-83 years (59.6 ± 11.3 years). GL, energy and nutrient intake was estimated based on the data from the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The correlations between dietary GL and consumption of 18 groups of products were assessed. Results: The average GL per 1000 kcal was 61.0 ± 8.6 g in the diets of men and 56.2 ± 9.5 g in the diets of women. High GL (>120 g) was observed in 76% of analyzed diets. The diets of men had higher GL, energy and sucrose content than the diets of women. Men, in comparison to women, consumed more refined grain products (144.1 ± 78.2 g vs. 95.5 ± 67.8 g), beverages (236.4 ± 344.7 g vs. 69.2 ± 173.0 g), honey and sugar (28.0 ± 22.2 g vs. 16.7 ± 18.0 g), dark chocolate (4.5 ± 4.5 g vs. 3.9 ± 6.7 g), sweets (66.1 ± 56.6 g vs. 38.8 ± 39.5 g) and soups (313.3 ± 105.3 g vs. 260.8 ± 160.3 g). Conclusions: Analyzed diets were characterized by high GL and simple sugars content. Men consumed more refined and sweetened products than women. The improvement of knowledge about proper nutrition is needed in studied group of cancer patients.

Ograniczanie wyników

4 Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

1 Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

5 Mandecka A.

5 Regulska-Ilow B.

3 Konikowska K.

3 Rozanska D.

2 Madalinska M.

1 Czekajlo A.

1 Czekajło A.

1 Kosendiak A.

1 Salomon A.

1 Szuba A.

1 2022

1 2018

3 2017

Dietary interventions in the treatment of metabolic syndrome as a cardiovascular disease risk-inducing factor. A review

The importance of nutritional management and education in the treatment of autism

Comparison of nutritional value of "fruit and vegetables" and "western" dietary patterns identified in a group of cancer patients

Dietary intake of minerals in diets of adults preparing for marathon

Glycemic load and carbohydrates content in the diets of cancer patients