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The experiment studied 32 crossbred fatteners. The animals were fed in a two-stage system with the addition of feed antibiotic (control group - C) or prebiotic BIO-MOS (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain 1026; 0.1% during the first period of fattening) (experimental group - E). From 16 animals chosen at random (8 fatteners each from groups E and C) the following sections of small intestine were sampled post mortem and preserved for histological, histochemical and immuno-histochemical evaluation: duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Staining by the review (H-E) and paS-Alcjan method was carried out. Antibodies bax, bcl-x, bcl-2 and PCNA and Ki-67 were used to evaluate apoptosis and proliferation. The preliminary studies in situ revealed the suitability of the employed antibodies: bax, bcl-x and bcl-2 in evaluating apoptosis. Histological, histochemical and immuno-histochemical evaluation of the mucosa in the small intestines of the animals receiving feed antibiotic or its replacer - prebiotic, showed that the effect of the employed additives differentiated in terms of morphological traits, apoptosis and proliferation abilities of crypts’ epithelium. It was concluded that there were no negative effects of BIO-MOSS on the mucosa of the small intestine in fatteners.
The purpose of the work was to determine the effect of the fi bre content in the mixture on morphometric traits of intestinal epithelium of fatteners. In one-phase fattening, 14 crossbred pigs were classifi ed into two groups and ad libitum fed the mixtures, differing in the composition and nutritional value, including the level of crude fi bre (control group – C – 3.4%; experimental group – E – 12%) but with the maintained energy-protein ratio (1 : 13). At the age of 180 days, the fattening was completed; the weight of the pigs from C group was equal to ca. 100 kg and that one of the pigs from group E was by ca. 26 kg lower. The rate of growth of pigs from group E as compared to the animals from group C was slower (P ≤ 0.01). After slaughter, morphometric evaluation of the scrapes from the following three segments of the small intestine was carried out: duodenum, jejunum and ileum. There was found a lower mitosis index (the number of divisions per one crypt) of the intestinal epithelium cells of the pigs from group E as compared to group C (duodenum, P ≤ 0.01). The height of the epithelial cells in crypts and depth of crypts in three examined segments of small intestine (D, J, I) was higher in group E vs. group C (P ≤ 0.05; P ≤ 0.01), whereas the villus height was lower in group E vs. group C. The fi bre level in the mixture affected the direction and level of changes in the examined indicators, characterizing the morphometric traits of intestinal epithelium.
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