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Wprowadzenie. Biorąc pod uwagę asortyment naturalnych wód mineralnych i źródlanych oraz wód stołowych, a także ich stopień mineralizacji (od nisko do wysokozmineralizowanych) można przypuszczać, że będą one nabierały coraz większego znaczenia jako źródło składników mineralnych w codziennym żywieniu. Cel badań. Celem pracy była ocena wielkości spożycia wód butelkowanych oraz zawartych w nich wybranych składników mineralnych wśród młodzieży akademickiej. Materiał i metody. Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 2 grup studentek w wieku 18-26 lat Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego (SGGW) oraz Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego (UKSW), po 50 z każdej uczelni, w okresie od maja do października 2010 roku. Do oceny ilości pobieranej wody i spożycia składników mineralnych z wodami wykorzystano ankietę, w której kwestionariuszu zawarto pytania dotyczące zwyczajowego spożycia wód butelkowanych pod kątem ich rodzaju i ilości. Oceniano podaż wapnia, magnezu, sodu, potasu, krzemu, chloru i fluoru, jako głównych składników wód deklarowanych na etykietach opakowań. Wyniki. Prawie 40% badanych spożywało 4 szklanki wody dziennie, ok. 24% - 2 szklanki, ok. 24% - 3 szklanki, 11% - 1 szklankę, przy czym były to głównie wody nisko- i średniozmineralizowane. Przeciętne dzienne spożycie wapnia, magnezu sodu, potasu, chloru i fluoru w badanej populacji wynosiło odpowiednio: 64,1; 26,5; 14,3; 1,9; 5,4; i 0,1 mg/osobę. Pobranie krzemu było na poziomie 14, 4 mg/osobę/dzień. Spośród spożywanych z wodami butelkowanymi składników mineralnych największe znaczenie miały wapń i magnez (odpowiednio: 6% i 8% wartości referencyjnych). Wnioski. Wody butelkowane spożywane przez badaną populację nie stanowiły znaczącego źródła zaopatrzenia organizmu w składniki mineralne, ale mogą być ich cennym uzupełnieniem. Istnieje konieczność propagowania picia naturalnych wód mineralnych i źródlanych oraz stołowych jako źródła dobrze przyswajalnych składników mineralnych, zwłaszcza jeśli są to wody wysokozmineralizowane niskosodowe.
Background. Fluid intake in elderly is more important than in younger individuals, because compromised homeostatic mechanisms such as loss of the thirst sensation can result in dehydration. Objective. The aim of the present study was the assessment of water intake from food and beverages by free-living elderly in Poland. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 138 volunteers (women and men) at the age of 60 to 90, recruited from Warsaw and Płock Universities of the Third Age and different informal groups from the same cities. Food and beverages consumption data were collected using the method of records for 3 days, including two weekdays and one week-end day, in the period April – June 2012. Results. Average values of total water intake in the present study indicated that women meets of the European Food Safety Agency recommendations (2000 mL/day), but men did not (less about 200 mL/day than the recommended 2500 mL/day). Taking into account the criterion of water per energy intake (mL/kcal) 51% of women and 75% of men did not meet the recommendation. Conclusions. Continuation of the careers and/or participation in Universities of the Third Age contributed to less intake of water from beverages, what in turn affected the total water intake. The elderly leading an active life (working, studying) may be a risk group vulnerable to dehydration, so monitoring is needed.
Introduction. Coffee and tea are some of the most popular beverages in the world. Herbal infusions are also growing in popularity. Much attention is being paid to the effects of these beverages on the body and human health. Objective. The aim of the study was to analyse the consumption of coffee, tea and herbal infusions in terms of selected socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, as well as the frequency of beverages consumption in the study group. Materials and methods. The study involved 508 adult respondents, including 404 females and 104 males aged over 18 years. An online survey questionnaire was used, consisting of questions on socioeconomic data, lifestyle, height and weight, and frequency of consumption of coffee, tea and herbal infusions. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Statistica 13.3 software, and statistical significance was assumed at the p≤0.05 level. Results. The beverages most often consumed by the adults was tea (90.2% of the respondents), followed by coffee (81.5%), the least frequently chosen beverage was herbal infusion (48%). The largest percentage of adults consuming coffee were: persons aged 18-29 (p=0.012), with higher education (p=0.010), living in cities over 500,000 inhabitants (p=0.048) or having permanent employment (p<0.001). In the case of tea consumption, significantly the largest percentage of adults concerned: women (p<0.001), persons with low physical activity (p=0.003) or good/very good self-dietary assessment (p<0.001). Significantly the largest percentage of adults consuming herbal infusions were: women (p<0.001), persons aged 18-29 (p=0.031) or with higher education (p<0.001). Gender was not a factor differentiating the frequency of consumption of the analyzed beverages in study group. Conclusions. The consumption of coffee, tea and herbal infusions is determined by several socio-demographic factors. Coffee was chosen more often by young people with an active professional life in large cities, which is probably related to the availability of this beverage in offices as well as in takeaway cafes.
Background. Meat and fish contain easily digestible whole protein, B vitamins and numerous minerals, such as zinc, phosphorus and iron, thanks to which these products have a high nutritional value. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of consumption of meat and fish in young adults depending on gender. Material and Methods. Data was collected from 200 respondents aged 19-30 using online survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three parts. The first part contained questions about sociodemographic and anthropometric data, the second part contained a question regarding the self-assessment of the diet. Whereas, the third part of the questionnaire concerned the frequency of consumption of meat and fish. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Statistica 13.3 software and statistical significance was assumed at the p≤0.05 level. Results. Meat consumption was declared by 86.5% of the respondents (83% of women and 90% of men), usually 5-6 times a week (20%). Gender statistically significantly differentiated the frequency of meat consumption. Men significantly more often consumed total meat (p=0.002), red meat (p=0.001) and poultry (p=0.004) compared to women. Fish was eaten by 85% of the respondents, and 39% only 1-3 times a month. Respondents preferred oily fish. There were no statistically significant differences in the consumption of fish by men and women. Conclusions. Considering the complexity of the relationship between men and women’s meat and fish consumption and health, research is needed to clarify the amounts of meat and fish consumed, the degrees and how they are processed, and the reasons for eating or not eating them. This can be helpful in directions for nutritional education.
Background. Due to the spread of COVID-19 infections around the world, in early 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a global pandemic, i.e. an epidemic of particularly large dimensions affecting countries and entire continents. Long-term stay at home and self-isolation may have significantly impacted lifestyle, diet, food choices and access to food, as well as physical activity in the entire population, including students. Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of social isolation caused by the coronavirus pandemic on changes in diet, lifestyle and body mass index in a group of students, so that we would be better prepared for future new viral infections with characteristics similar to Covid-19. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 2021 using a cross-sectional online survey (using the CAWI technique). The survey was addressed to students of universities in Poland who were over 18 years of age. After excluding forms completed incorrectly or with incorrect data, the final analysis of the results included the responses of 196 respondents. Statistical analyzes were performed in STATISTICA 13.3. Statistical significance was assumed at the level of p ≤ 0.05. Results. The study involved 136 women and 60 men with an average age of 23. The majority of respondents were residents of cities with over 500,000 inhabitants (50%), were students of 1st degree (45%) in medical/natural sciences (36%). The largest percentage of respondents (above 70%), before the pandemic and during isolation, had normal body weight, according to the BMI. There were significant statistical differences between gender and changes during COVID-19 pandemic in sleeping (p=0.013), physical activity (p=0.028), as well as the consumption of tea (p=0.047), milk and dairy products (p=0.041), alcohol (p=0.001) and red meat (p=0.003), vegetables (p=0.049), sweets (p=0.029) and fast food (p=0.004). Conclusions. Due to the fact that the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the diet and lifestyle has been demonstrated, it is very important that the recommendations of public health organizations spread the message about rational nutrition and physical activity in the event of new viral infections among young people, including students.
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