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With the aim to investigate a possibility of supporting conservation of Lithuanian indigenous pigs (LIW) their external body and carcass measurements were compared with their wild boar (WB) hybrids to see whether crossing can improve the quality of pork, which in purebreds is inferior to other breeds. Depending on the proportion of WB in the crosses (1/4 or 1/2) purebred pigs were respectively 3.2 cm and 4.3 cm shorter at withers (P<0.05). Correspondingly, hind feet in 1/4 WB and 1/2 WB genotypes were 1.8 cm and 2.2 cm longer (P<0.05) whereas ear length was shorter by 1.9 cm and 3.0 cm (P<0.05) in the hybrid pigs. LIW pigs tended to have longer body and shorter snouts than hybrids (0.05
The aim of the study was to compare the quality of salted cold smoked meat of 1/4 WB and 1/2 WB (wild boar) genotype hybrid entire and castrated males from Lithuanian indigenous wattle pig with wild boar intercross. There was no significant effect of the genotype on back fat thickness at the lumbar region, but entire boars had 7.3-11.1 mm smaller (P < 0.001) lumbar back fat thickness at three points above m. gluteus medius. There were no statistically significant effects of genotype and gender on thawing loss and production yield of m. semimembranosus (SM). The panel study indicated no statistically significant effects of the genotype on cold smoked SM smell, tenderness, flavor and juiciness, but samples from 1/2 WB genotype had higher salinity (P < 0.001). Samples of salted cold smoked from castrates had higher scores in smell and flavor (P < 0.01) but lower in tenderness (P < 0.01) and juiciness (P < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was found between the age of entire boars and smell (P < 0.05) and weight of animal and product salinity (P < 0.001). The concentration of testosterone in plasma was negatively correlated with salinity (P < 0.001). In the consumer panel study joints from castrated males had higher scores for smell (P < 0.001) and flavor (P < 0.05), but the lean/fat ratio (P < 0.001) and the visual appearance (P < 0.05) were judged to be poorer than those of entire boars. Consumers have found pork from hybrid entire boars to be acceptable.
The aim of this study was to analyze an effect of udder health status, somatic cell count (SCC), stage and number of lactations, and different seasons on the concentration of lactoferrin (LF) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in quarter milk samples (n=120) from crossbreed (Lithuanian Black-and-White & Holstein) dairy cows. Quarter health status was based on SCC and microbiological analysis. The highest mean value of LF and IgG were observed in quarters with subclinical mastitis 0.1 ± 0.02 mg/ml and 0.41 ± 0.06 mg/ml, respectively. Grouping the data according to SCC revealed increased LF (0.07 ± 0.01 mg/ml as against 0.06 ± 0.01 mg/ml) and IgG values (0.27 ± 0.05 mg/ml as against 0.23 ± 0.02 mg/ml) in DQ (SCC from 201,000 ≥ 401,000 cells/ml) compared to HQ (SCC up to 200,000 cells/ml). The milk LF and IgG levels were effected by stage of lactation (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) and season of the year (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Nevertheless, SCC and subsequent lactation (p>0.05) had no effect on these immunity components.
Many researchers have pointed out that the intake of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids is beneficial to animal health and reproductive capacity, but the effect of fatty acids on the histomorphology of ram testes is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of linseed oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acids on the morphology and histomorphometric characteristics of ram testis and epididymis. Testes of 12 Lithuanian local coarse wool rams were investigated histomorphologically and histomorphometrically in the present work. The rams were divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group following, the principle of analogues – the same origin, age, weight, and condition score. The experimental group (n = 6) received 2% linseed oil sediments while the control group (n = 6) received 1.2% sunflower oil for 9 months. The diameter of testicular tubules and the height of the germinal epithelium, the spermatogenic index and the number of Leydig cells were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group. In addition, the number of degenerated tubules was not significantly lower in the group that received 2% linseed oil sediments. Still, the height of the epididymal epithelium was lower than that in the control group.
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