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1

Structural changes of mitochondria during free radical-induced apoptosis

100%

Wakabayashi T., Spodnik J. H.

Folia Morphologica

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2000

|

tom 59

|

nr 2

The initial proposal for apoptosis stressed nuclear change (condensation of chromatin) and the intactness of intracellular organelles, including mitochondria, based on light and electron microscopic observations. However, data have accumulated to demonstrate that the opening of megachannels of mitochondrial membranes, resulting in the swelling of the organelles, notably by Ca²⁺ and free radicals, is the crucial step in the apoptotic processes of the cell. Application of fluorescent dyes to mitochondria, combined with flow cytometry, has made it possible to detect subtle changes in the structure and function of the organelles related to apoptosis. The present article overviews structural aspects of mitochondria related to apoptosis, including the free radical-induced formation of megamitochondria.

2

Variations in popliteal fossa venous anatomy: implications for diagnosis of deep - vein thrombosis

81%

Sadowska A., Spodnik J. H., Wojcik S.

Folia Morphologica

|

2013

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tom 72

|

nr 1

Background: To retrospectively review the bilateral venous system within the popliteal fossa to evaluate the types of variations and their frequency seen in venous anatomy. Materials and methods: During routine dissection of formalin-fixed cadavers, a retrospective review of 32 bilateral (64 limbs) lower limbs obtained from adult donors was performed. Deep veins present in the popliteal fossa were evaluated according to predetermined criteria for the presence of duplication of vessels and interindividual variations in venous anatomy. Results: More than one deep venous vessel was seen in the popliteal fossa in 20 (31.3%) of 64 limbs. In 12 (18.7%) cases there was a high (just below the level of the adductor hiatus) origin of the popliteal vein: from 2 tributaries in 10 (15.6%) and 3 tributaries in 2 (3.1%). In 5 (7.8%) cases true duplicated popliteal veins were observed. There were also 3 (4.7%) cases, including one bilateral, of persistent sciatic vein. Conclusions: Variations in popliteal fossa venous anatomy are common and have important implications for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 1: 51–56)

3

Reduced level of synapsin I protein in the rat striatum after intraventricular administration of proteasome inhibitors: preliminary studies

81%

Wojcik S., Spodnik J. H., Sidor-Kaczmarek J., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2015

|

tom 74

|

nr 4

Background: We have recently described changes present in nigrostriatal terminals after intraperitoneal administration of MG-132 and changes that occur in the walls of the rat lateral ventricle after intraventricular administration of MG-132, lactacystin and epoxomicin — different classes of proteasome inhibitors. Substances that inhibit ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) activity, are intensively studied due to their potential role as novel therapeutic strategies in the treatment of cancer and ischaemia-reperfusion injury in the brain. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of intraventricular administration of MG-132, lactacystin and epoxomicin on the level in the rat striatum synapsin I — one of the most prominent neuron-specific phosphoproteins in the brain. Materials and methods and Results: Two weeks after administration of studied proteasome inhibitors, substantial reduction (up to 80%) of synapsin I was observed in the rat striatum. Because neurons, and especially dopaminergic ones, are sensitive to the depletion of proteasome function, we assume that observed synapsin I decrease may reflect changes in population of striatal neurons and/or nigrostriatal terminals. Conclusions: Understanding of cellular mechanisms standing behind our findings needs further studies, and could provide valuable contribution to the discussion on the mechanisms linking UPS inhibition and survival of neurons. (Folia Morphol 2015; 74, 4: 428–433)

4

Changes in the morphology of the acinar cells of the rat pancreas in the oedematous and necrotic types of experimental acute pancreatitis

71%

Krajewski E., Krajewski J., Spodnik J. H., Figarski A., Kubasik-Juraniec J.

Folia Morphologica

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2005

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tom 64

|

nr 4

292-303

Limited experimental models of the oedematous and necrotic types of acute pancreatitis provide some understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. Wistar rats were treated with cerulein at 10 mg/kg of body weight or with L-arginine at 1.5 or 3 g/kg of body weight in order to induce the oedematous or necrotic type of acute pancreatitis. After the induction period we examined samples of pancreata with light and electron microscopes. Morphological examination showed profound changes in the histology of the pancreas and its acinar cells and subcellular structures, especially in the group of rats which received a higher dose of L-arginine, amounting to 3 g/kg body weight. These included parenchymal haemorrhage and widespread acinar cell necrotic changes. 4-OH-TEMPO successfully prevented morphological deterioration as well as amylase release, suggesting that the severity of the two types of disease strongly depends on the intensity of the oxidative stress. Our results lend support to the assumption that reactive oxygen species play an axial role in the pathogenesis of both types of acute pancreatitis.

5

The influence of acute and chronic open-field exposure on the hippocampal formation: an immunohistochemical study

71%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Klejbor I., Dziewiatkowski J., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

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2006

|

tom 65

|

nr 4

343-351

The hippocampus plays a role in new learning, memory and emotion and is a component of the neuroanatomical stress circuit. The structure is involved in terminating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis responses to stress and attenuates stress responses by shutting off this axis. The immunoreactivity (-ir) of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor TrkA following acute and chronic open-field stress were studied in CA1-CA3 and the DG of the hippocampus. The material consisted of 21 male adult rats divided into three groups: nonstressed (control) animals and rats exposed to acute (15 min once) and chronic (15 min daily for 21 days) aversive stimulation (open-field exposure). The brains were stained with use of immunohistochemical methods for c-Fos, NGF or TrkA. In the animals exposed to acute open-field stress the number of c-Fos-, TrkAand NGF-ir cells was higher in all the structures studied than in the control animals. However they were differentiated only in c-Fos immunoreactivity. In the rats exposed to chronic open-field stress the number of c-Fos-ir cells in the structures of the hippocampal formation studied was smaller than in rats exposed to acute stress and was comparable to that in the control group. No differences were observed between the groups exposed to acute and chronic stress in the number of TrkA-ir cells in the structures under investigation. The number of NGF-ir neurons in CA1 and CA2 was lower after exposure to chronic than after exposure to acute stress but was still higher than that in the control group. Our findings indicate that neurons of CA1-CA3 and the DG are engaged in the stress response after acute as well as chronic open-field exposure. This is probably related to the important role of the hippocampus in processing new spatial information as well as in the habituation processes, although these appear to have different mechanisms.

6

Influence of minocycline and valproic acid on glial response to intracerebral hemorrhage

71%

Majak K., Kowanski P., Domaradzka-Pytel B., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

|

2011

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tom 71

|

nr S

Intracerebral hemorrhage (IH) is a devastating form of cerebrovascular disease. Several studies points at glial response as one of the key factors in processes related to brain damage and repair after IH. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of administration of minocycline and valproic acid on glial response after IH. 56 adult male Wistar rats (290 - 410 g) were used for the study. In 48 rats IH was induced by injection of 200 µl of autologous blood into the temporal lobe structures. Next animals were divided into three groups that received either minocycline (3 × 200 mg/kg), or valproic acid (2 × 45 mg/kg) or 0.09% saline (2 ml) for 7 consecutive days. 8 sham-operated animals served as controls. Animals from each group were successively sacrificed at 2, 4, 24 and 48 weeks after the hematoma induction. The intensity of glial response was based on qualitative and semiquantitative evaluations of immunostained sections. We observed that during the course of IH glial cells exhibit time-dependent changes in morphology and intensity of staining. 2 and 4 weeks after IH induction activated forms of astro- and microglia were observed near the border of hematoma as well as neighboring structures, while 24 and 48 weeks later they were present mainly around the glial scar and in the degenerating white matter. White matter structures also contained NOGO-A-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes. Administration of minocycline or valproic acid decreased the number of activated astro- and microglial cells in the white matter of hemisphere contralateral to site of injury at all time points. The number of oligodendrocytes was influenced only by minocycline. The obtained results indicate that minocycline and valproic acid administration modifies the number of glial cells in the white matter of hemisphere contralateral to the site injury. The study was financially supported by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant nr 3419/B/P01/2008/35.

7

Changes in NGF/c-Fos double staining in the structures of the limbic system in juvenile and aged rats exposed to forced swim test

71%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Klejbor I., Cecot T., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

|

2009

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tom 69

|

nr 4

This study aimed to investigate the influence of acute (a single 15 min) and chronic (15 min daily for 21 days) exposure to forced swim (FS) test on nerve growth factor (NGF)/c-Fos cells in hypothalamic paraventricular (PV) and supraoptic (SO) nuclei, the central (CeA) and medial (MeA) amygdaloid nuclei and CA3-hippocampus in juvenile (P28) and aged (P360) rats. The double-immunofluorescence (-ir) method was used to detect NGF-ir and c-Fos-ir cells. The amount of NGF/c-Fos-ir cells in relation to all NGF-ir cells is shown as a percentage. In the acute FS test an increase in NGF/c-Fos-ir cells (P<0.05) was observed in all studied structures of juvenile rats and in the PV and SO of the aged individuals. After chronic FS stress, the NGF/c-Fos-ir ratio remained unaltered (except in the SO) in P28, but it increased (P<0.05) in all investigated regions in P360 compared with the controls. The findings may reflect the state of molecular plasticity within the limbic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis in both age groups, yet the phenomenon of habituation in NGF/c-Fos-ir after chronic FS exposure was observed only in juvenile animals.

8

Fluoride alters type I collagen expression in the early stages of odontogenesis

71%

Maciejewska I., Spodnik J. H., Domaradzka-Pytel B., Sidor-Kaczmarek J., Bereznowski Z.

Folia Morphologica

|

2006

|

tom 65

|

nr 4

359-366

Fluoride alters the expression and post-translational modifications of extracellular matrix proteins in dentin. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of fluoride on type I collagen expression during the early stages of tooth germ development in rats. Pregnant dams were divided into three groups and fed a standard diet. From the fifth day of pregnancy the three groups received tap water with, respectively, trace amounts of fluoride (C), a low fluoride concentration (FL) or and a high fluoride concentration (FH). Changes in type I collagen expression and distribution were evaluated. The expression of type I collagen was restricted to the extracellular spaces of cells of mesenchymal origin. In the youngest animals the most intense immunoreactivity for type I collagen was detected in predentin of the FL group. Although the intensity of immunostaining increased in proportion to the age of the animals, the largest increase in the groups investigated was detected in the FL group. We concluded that a low concentration of fluoride can act as a stimulator of type I collagen deposition in the extracellular matrix of dentin, while high concentrations of fluoride have an opposite effect, acting as an inhibitor of type I collagen formation in dentin.

9

The influence of mild stressors on neurons containing interleukin-1Beta in the central (CeA) and medial (MeA) amygdala in the ageing process of rats

71%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Ludkiewicz B., Spodnik J. H., Krawczyk R., Morys J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2015

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tom 75

|

nr 3

Proinflammatory cytokine - interleukin ip (IL-ip) plays an important role in stress reactions in the structures of limbic system. The impact of stress on IL-ip may depend on the ontogenetic age. The study examined the influence of acute and chronic exposure to forced swim (FS) or high-light open-field (HL-OF) stressors on neurons containing IL-ip. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to reveal the density of IL-ip/NeuN (NeuN - a neuronal nuclear marker) - immunoreactive (ir) cells in the amygdaloid central (CeA) and medial (MeA) nuclei, which are closely involved in the regulation of emotional stressors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activation. Adult (P90; P - postnatal day), middle-aged (P360), and aged (P720) male Wistar Han rats were used in these experiments. We observed an age-dependent increase in the basal density of IL-ip/NeuN-ir cells in CeA and MeA in P90 vs. P360 and P360 vs. P720 rats. Neither acute nor chronic FS caused significant changes in the density of IL-ip-ir neurons in any of the investigated nuclei in P90, P360, and P720 rats as compared with the non-stressed groups. However, chronic but not acute HL-OF caused a marked increase in the density of IL-ip/NeuN-ir cells in the CeA and MeA of P360 rats and in MeA of the P720 animals. Moreover, chronic HL-OF led to an increase in the density of IL-ip-ir neurons in relation to acute HL-OF in the CeA and MeA of both P360 and P720 rats. Our results may indicate the involvement of IL-ip neurons in the development of ageing processes in CeA and MeA. Furthermore, our results point out that chronic HL-OF is an aggravating factor that induces an increase in the density of IL-ip/NeuN-ir cells in the MeA and/or CeA of middle-aged and aged rats. The increase is possibly due to insufficient control of the HPA axis associated with involutional ageing processes and seems to be a common denominator of the ageing process and stress.

10

The morphology of acinar cells during acute pancreatitis in rats induced by intraductal infusion of peracetate

71%

Jankowski K., Kubasik-Juraniec J., Sledzinski Z., Spodnik J. H., Wozniak M.

Folia Morphologica

|

2004

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tom 63

|

nr 2

Many experimental models have been created to explain the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis (AP). Investigations have been undertaken in this laboratory into the influence of strong oxidants introduced into the pancreas retrogradely through the bile-pancreatic duct. In these experiments a potentially toxic metabolite of ethanol-peracetic acid was used to induce AP. Wistar rats were treated with 1 mM and 40 mM peracetate and with a solvent as a control for 1 and 3 hours respectively. After a period of observation the samples of pancreata were examined in a light and electron microscope together with the content of sulphydryl groups as a marker of intracellular oxidative stress. The morphological examination showed profound changes in the histology of the pancreas and also in its subcellular structures, especially in groups 3 and 4 (with a higher concentration of peracetate). The changes included parenchymal haemorrhage and widespread acinar cell necrosis. The level of the sulphydryl groups decreased in the rats treated with peracetate. This suggests that the severity of the disease strongly depends on the intensity of the oxidative stress. The results confirmed the axial role of oxygen-derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of AP.

11

The influence of storage time upon the real thickness of the histological brain sections

71%

Dziewiatkowski J., Spodnik J. H., Wojcik S., Spodnik E., Morys J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

|

2002

|

tom 40

|

nr 2

12

Controlled cholesterol efflux from the aortic smooth muscle cells triggers microheterogeneity of plasma membrane lipids and induces modification of the mitochondrial topology

61%

Tukaj C., Syta-Ksiazek E., Zauszkiewicz A., Drozd K., Figarski A., Spodnik J. H., Wozniak M.

Folia Morphologica

|

2009

|

tom 68

|

nr 4

244-246

It is generally accepted that phospholipids of plasma membrane display lateral segregation into small microdomains commonly known as lipid rafts. Such lateral lipid organization is under the control of cholesterol. Cholesterol depletion evolved by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) has been found to induce further marked perturbation in lateral lipid organization, evidenced in the high field part of electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of plasma membranes labelled with a spectroscopic probe, namely 5-doxyl-stearic acid (5DOXS). Such perturbation of surface lipid topo-logy has been found to induce distinct changes in the mitochondrial morpho-logy, i.e. switch from filamentous form into small granular form. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 4: 244–246)

13

Mimicking of glutathione peroxidase deficiency by exposition of JAR cells to increased level of synthetic hydroperoxide

61%

Hallmann A., Milczarek R., Szkatula M., Wozniak M., Spodnik J. H., Klimek J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2005

|

tom 64

|

nr 4

304-308

A short chain synthetic analogue of lipid hydroperoxides was used to overload glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR cells. Cells exposed to 100 µM tBuOOH displayed a 40% reduction in ATP level and significantly increased in membrane permeability, visualised by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release into the extracellular medium. The intracellular level of oxygen free radicals measured as an oxidation of the dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate (H₂DCF-DA) significantly increased after 2 hours of cell exposition to 100 µM tBuOOH. Concomitantly MDA, 4-HNE level increased to 2 nmol/mg of cell protein after 2 hours. Mitochondria stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos displayed a filamentous appearance in control cells but changed into granular less energised organelles after exposition to tBuOOH. Collectively, the above results indicate the importance of the contribution of oxidative stress in the development of pre-eclampsia.

14

The anatomical relationship between the serotonergic afferents and the neurons containing calcium-binding proteins in the rat claustrum

61%

Wojcik S., Dziewiatkowski J., Klejbor I., Spodnik J. H., Kowianski P., Morys J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

|

2006

|

tom 66

|

nr 1

Claustrum is a telencephalic structure integrating information of various modalities. Proper functioning of this structure depends on the presence of a network of intrinsic connections. This includes GABA-ergic neuronal populations that also contain calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs). The goal of this study was to analyze qualitative and quantitative the 5-HTcontaining fibers in the rat claustrum and to assess the relationships between these fibers and the populations of claustral neurons expressing CaBPs. We used the methods of immunocytochemistry and morphometry. The serotonergic fibers in the claustrum are heterogeneous, both with respect to their morphology and spatial distribution. Thin varicose fibers are more numerous and are homogeneously distributed within the claustrum. Remaining fibers were thicker and possessed larger varicosities. They were present mainly in the ventral part of the claustrum. Although the serotonergic fibers are found in the vicinity of claustral cells containing CaBPs, direct contacts between these fibers and cells are rare. Other mechanisms, including volume transmission, may possibly mediate serotonergic influences.

15

Stress - induced changes of interleukin - 1beta within the limbic system in the rat

61%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Klejbor I., Sidor-Kaczmarek J., Cecot T., Lietzau G., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2009

|

tom 68

|

nr 3

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two periods of life, namely P28 and P360, on the changes in interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) immunoreactivity (-ir) in the hippocampus (CA1, CA3, DG) and amygdala (central-CeA, medial-MeA) caused by acute and repeated open field (OF), or by forced swim (FS) exposition. Rats were divided into groups: non-stressed, exposed to acute (one-time for 15 min) and chronic stressors (21 days for 15 min daily). We found IL-1β-ir in the control group to be higher in P360 than in P28. In P28, under OF and FS exposure, IL-1β-ir in the CeA remained unaltered but increased in the MeA and in the hippocampus after acute and chronic stress. In P360 no changes were observed in the IL-1β-ir level after acute and chronic stimulation. These data demonstrate that only the levels of IL-1β-ir in juvenile rat brains are affected by FS and OF. Additionally, there was no significant difference between FS and OF stimulation in IL-1β-ir. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 3: 119–128)

16

Developmental changes in nitric oxide synthase protein expression in the rat striatum and cerebral cortex

61%

Labuda C., Litwinowicz B., Kowianski P., Spodnik J. H., Luczynska A., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2003

|

tom 62

|

nr 3

171-174

We examined the expression of brain nitric oxide synthase (bNOS) in two developing rat brain structures, the striatum and the cerebral cortex. For this purpose, we quantified the relative protein concentration level using the Western blotting method and densitometric scanning. 32 Wistar rats, divided according to survival period (P0-P120-postnatal days) were used in this study. Our results demonstrate that bNOS expression rises in these structures during the first week of postnatal life, reaching a maximum in the striatum on the 10th day and in the cerebral cortex on the 7th day of postnatal life. After the period of increase the expression declines and after the 14th day a stabilisation of bone protein concentration is observed, both in the striatum and the cerebral cortex. These changes in bone protein expression might be related to the important role of nitric oxide in the developing rat brain, especially in synaptogenesis, apoptosis and neurotransmission.

17

The immunoreactivity of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor TrkA after open-field exposure in the central and medial nuclei of the rat amygdala

61%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Ludkiewicz B., Domaradzka-Pytel B., Dziewiatkowski J., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2006

|

tom 65

|

nr 2

145-151

The amygdala is a critical component of the neuroanatomical stress circuit. It plays a role in the generation of responses to emotional stimuli. The central (CeA) and medial (MeA) amygdaloid nuclei are implicated in activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The immunoreactivity (-ir) of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor, TrkA, following acute and chronic open-field stress were studied in the CeA and MeA nuclei of the amygdala. The material consisted of 21 male adult rats divided into three groups: non-stressed (control) animals, rats exposed to acute (once only lasting 15 min) and chronic (15 min daily over 21 days) aversive stimulation (open-field exposure). The brains were stained with the use of immunohistochemical methods for c-Fos, NGF or TrkA. In the control rats c-Fos-, TrkA- and NGF-ir cells were observed in the nuclei studied, but the quantity varied, being moderate or high (immunoreactive to TrkA and NGF) or low (immunoreactive to c-Fos). In the animals exposed to acute open-field stress the number of c-Fos-ir, NGF-ir and TrkA-ir cells in the nuclei under examination was differentiated but higher than that in the control animals. In the animals exposed to chronic open-field stress the number of c-Fos-ir cells in the nuclei studied was similar and was smaller than those in animals exposed to acute stress. The number of TrkA-ir neurons was also lower in comparison to that in animals exposed to acute stress. However, no significant differences in the number of NGF-ir cells were observed between the groups exposed to acute and chronic stress. Diverse expression of c-Fos protein following both acute and chronic stress stimulation may prove the functional heterogeneity of the amygdaloid nuclei investigated. The decrease observed in both c-Fos- and TrkA-ir in MeA (only TrkA in CeA) of animals exposed to chronic stress may indicate the phenomenon of habituation.

18

Immunoreactivity of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor TrkA in the periventricular zone of the rat hypothalamus after open field exposure

61%

Badowska-Szalewska E., Klejbor I., Ludkiewicz B., Domaradzka-Pytel B., Dziewiatkowski J., Spodnik J. H., Morys J.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

|

2006

|

tom 09

|

nr 3

The immunoreactivity (ir) for c-Fos, NGF and TrkA, following an acute and chronic open field stress, were studied in the periventricular zone of rat hypothalamus. Adult rats were divided into three groups: control, exposed to acute (single exposure -15 minutes) and chronic (multiple exposures - 15 minutes daily for 21 days) open field stress. In the control rats neurons immunoreactive to c-Fos, TrkA and NGF were found. The number of TrkA- and NGF-ir cells was high, whereas this of c-Fos-ir ones was low. In animals exposed to acute open field stress the number of c-Fos-ir cells in the examined nuclei varied, however it was much higher than that in the control animals. The number of TrkA-ir neurons in all the studied nuclei was also higher than that in the control animals, but the increase of the number of NGF-ir neurons was not observed in supraoptic nucleus. In the animals exposed to chronic open field stress the number of c-Fos-ir cells was increased in comparison to that in the control rats. After chronic stress exposure the number of TrkA-ir neurons in supraoptic nucleus remained high in comparison to that in animals exposed to acute stress, whereas it was decreased in other studied nuclei. No significant differences in the number of NGF-ir cells were observed between the groups exposed to the acute and chronic stress. Observed decrease of c-Fos- and TrkA-ir in the studied nuclei in the animals suffering from chronic stress in comparison with the acute one may indicate the occurrence of habituation phenomenon. This phenomenon does not concern NGF-ir.

19

Dual effect of 2-methoxyestradiol on cell cycle events in human osteosarcoma 143B cells

61%

Golebiewska J., Rozwadowski P., Spodnik J. H., Knap N., Wakabayashi T., Wozniak M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2002

|

tom 49

|

nr 1

We have demonstrated for the first time that the steroid metabolite, 2-methoxy- estradiol (2-ME) is a powerful growth inhibitor of human osteosarcoma 143 B cell line by pleiotropic mechanisms involving cell cycle arrest at two different points and apoptosis. The ability of 2-ME to inhibit cell cycle at the respective points has been found concentration dependent. 1 uM 2-ME inhibited cell cycle at G1 phase while 10 uM. 2-ME caused G2/M cell cycle arrest. As a natural estrogen metabolite 2-ME is expected to perturb the stability of microtubules (MT) in vivo analogously to Taxol — the MT binding anticancer agent. Contrary to 2-ME, Taxol induced accumulation of osteosarcoma cells in G2/M phase of cell cycle only. The presented data strongly suggest two different mechanisms of cytotoxic action of 2-ME at the level of a single cell.

20

Developmental expression of SNAP-25 protein in the rat striatum and cerebral cortex

61%

Sidor-Kaczmarek J., Labuda C., Litwinowicz B., Spodnik J. H., Kowianski P., Dziewiatkowski J., Morys J.

Folia Morphologica

|

2004

|

tom 63

|

nr 3

The developmental changes of 25-kDa synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP-25) expression in the rat striatum and cerebral cortex were examined using Western-blotting and densitometric scanning of immunoblots. Analysis of the striatum extracts from postnatal day 0 (P0) to postnatal day 120 (P120) demonstrated that SNAP-25 is poorly expressed until P14. From this point the expression level gradually increases to reach a maximum on P60 and then decreases. The pattern of SNAP-25 expression in the rat cerebral cortex is different. Two peaks are observed, the first on P10 and the second on P60, after which the expression level decreases. These results appear to confirm the role of SNAP-25 protein in axon outgrowth and synaptogenesis in the nervous system.

Ograniczanie wyników

Structural changes of mitochondria during free radical-induced apoptosis

Variations in popliteal fossa venous anatomy: implications for diagnosis of deep - vein thrombosis

Reduced level of synapsin I protein in the rat striatum after intraventricular administration of proteasome inhibitors: preliminary studies

Changes in the morphology of the acinar cells of the rat pancreas in the oedematous and necrotic types of experimental acute pancreatitis

The influence of acute and chronic open-field exposure on the hippocampal formation: an immunohistochemical study

Influence of minocycline and valproic acid on glial response to intracerebral hemorrhage

Changes in NGF/c-Fos double staining in the structures of the limbic system in juvenile and aged rats exposed to forced swim test

Fluoride alters type I collagen expression in the early stages of odontogenesis

The influence of mild stressors on neurons containing interleukin-1Beta in the central (CeA) and medial (MeA) amygdala in the ageing process of rats

The morphology of acinar cells during acute pancreatitis in rats induced by intraductal infusion of peracetate

The influence of storage time upon the real thickness of the histological brain sections

Controlled cholesterol efflux from the aortic smooth muscle cells triggers microheterogeneity of plasma membrane lipids and induces modification of the mitochondrial topology

Mimicking of glutathione peroxidase deficiency by exposition of JAR cells to increased level of synthetic hydroperoxide

The anatomical relationship between the serotonergic afferents and the neurons containing calcium-binding proteins in the rat claustrum

Stress - induced changes of interleukin - 1beta within the limbic system in the rat

Developmental changes in nitric oxide synthase protein expression in the rat striatum and cerebral cortex

The immunoreactivity of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor TrkA after open-field exposure in the central and medial nuclei of the rat amygdala

Immunoreactivity of c-Fos, NGF and its receptor TrkA in the periventricular zone of the rat hypothalamus after open field exposure

Dual effect of 2-methoxyestradiol on cell cycle events in human osteosarcoma 143B cells

Developmental expression of SNAP-25 protein in the rat striatum and cerebral cortex