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The water sorption isotherms of seeds, flakes and press-cakes of rapeseed from small farm oil plant were studied. The sorption isotherms of all press-cakes examined could have been identified as the III type curves in BET classification. Empirical Smith’s equation was found to describe best the moisture sorption behaviour of rapeseed press-cake. Small differences were observed between the moisture adsorption isotherms of whole and ground (raw flakes) seeds. A distinct decrease of roasted flakes and an increase of adsorbed moisture in press-cakes was found. The moisture adsorption of press-cakes from unhulled seeds is higher than on oil-cakes obtained from hulled seeds, in which higher mechanical cell destruction and oil leakage were observed. An addition of bran to press-cakes caused an increase of moisture adsorption.
Greater susceptibility of rapeseeds to crushing and reduced oil recovery during extraction might result from unproper post-harvest drying. The effect of drying in selected types of industrial driers on seed processability was studied. Indices for the estimation of seed processability, i.e., Por/Pod and τd/τr ratios, which consider the variety differences, are proposed. The quality,of dried seeds varied depending on the type of drier and the drying parameter restrictions.
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Technological suitability of Polish pea cultivars

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The evaluation of new pea varieties should include the technological suitability tests among which cookability and percentage of hard-to-cook (HTC) seeds, that highly affect cooking time, are of the greatest importance. Thus, the technological suitability of 32 pea cultivars and lines harvested in 1991-1992 was studied while determining the following parameters: size, sphericity, single seed weight, volume and hardness, and cookability, hydration capacity, percentage of HTC seeds and seed microstructure. The physical properties of seeds were found to depend on both the pea variety and crop year. Yet, even statistical analysis of the results did not allow to determine univocally what is the effect of different properties and microstructure on pea cookability. There were, however, strong correlations between hardness or hydration and cookability for seeds of particular varieties harvested in both crop years. The percentage of HTC seeds practically not imbibing water changed randomly, not being thus a variety character. Relatively small differences in the microstructure between the seeds with either good or bad hydration index and soft or hard seeds only partly explained the variation in the studied properties.
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