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1

Cloning and expression of apyrase gene from Ancylostoma caninum in Escherichia coli

100%
Qiao Y., Pengsakul T.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2015
|
tom 60
|
nr 1
2

Yak [Bos grunniens L.] grazing effects on vegetation of alpine meadow with Potentilla fruticosa L. [Rosaceae] shrub in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

81%
Qiao Y., Wang Q., Wang W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2009
|
tom 57
|
nr 4
769-777
Grazing can change plant community composition and structure, which may alter the functions of the shrub meadow ecosystem. Grazing effects on Potentilla fruticosa shrub community in the headwater region of the Yellow River, which is in core area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are studied to provide adequate protection decision-making. We investigated continuous grazing and seasonal enclosure effects on P. fruticosa shrub communities. Three sites of P. fruticosa shrub comprising both continuous grazing and seasonal enclosure treatments were selected. The size of each fenced plot of P. fruticosa shrub was about 3000 m², the stocking rate was about 5 heads per 100 m² in continuous grazing treatment. Three samplings were made in each growing season of 2003 and 2004. Cover of vegetation, plant species composition and vegetation height were investigated in seven 1 × 1 m quadrates in each treatment. Above-ground biomass was measured in five 0.5 × 0.5 m quadrates. Shrub, forb, graminoid and sedge plant materials were clipped at ground level and oven-dried at 85ºC to a constant mass. Plant composition was affected by long term continuous grazing and changes were caused by forb species shifting. No apparent difference in species richness between the grazed and ungrazed communities over the growing months were found but the Shannon’s diversity indices of the grazed communities in June and July were higher than that of the ungrazed but lower in the late August and September. Live vegetation cover was reduced by 6.7%, 7.3% and 11.5%, respectively, owing to grazing in July, August and September, but not in June (P> 0.05). Forbs took up more than 50% cover of the vegetation in both grazed and ungrazed treatments. Relative cover of sedges and forbs in ungrazed treatment decreased in July, August and September, while that of graminoids increased more than 70% in the same period. Live vegetation height was reduced by 27% (2004) and 23% (2003) in late August and early September, but not in early growing season. Grazing reduced total above-ground biomass by 35%, 37% and 36% in July, August and early September, respectively, and the reduction was mainly in forb biomass. Continuous grazing affects plant composition and species diversity. The quantitative characteristics of P. fruticosa communities were influenced by grazing over growing months, but the effects were offset by non-growing season grazing.
3

Prediction of floods with the WetSpa model

81%
De Smedt F., Liu Y. B., Qiao Y.
Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Land Reclamation
|
2002
|
tom 33
71-80
4

Conversion of cropland to grassland and forest mitigates global warming potential in Northeast China

81%
Miao S., Qiao Y., Zhang F.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2015
|
tom 24
|
nr 3
In converting cropland to grassland and forest, more carbon is sequestered in grassland soil and forest biomass, but the mitigation of global warming potential (GWP) is not clear. In this study, we use the longterm conversion from cropland to grassland (28 y) and forest (14 y) to comprehensively assess the impact on GWP of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), CO₂, and N₂O emissions. The results showed that compared to the original cropland, conversion to grassland increased soil C content by 51.1%, soil N content by 28.4%, soil C stock (SCS) by four times, CO₂ emission by 17%, and N₂O emission by 40%; soil N stock (SNS) decreased by half. The corresponding values after afforestation were 7.2%, 5.2%, three times, 3%, -80%, and half, respectively. Overall GWP in the cropland system was calculated using the fuel used for farming production, the change in soil C, and N₂O emissions. Due to large C sequestration, the GWP of conversion to grassland (-1667 kg CO₂-C equivalent ha⁻¹·y⁻¹) and forest (-324 kg CO₂-C equivalent ha⁻¹·y⁻¹) were significantly lower than the cropland system (755 kg CO₂-C equivalent ha⁻¹·y⁻¹). The relationship between GWP and greenhouse gas, between GWP and the change of total C and N, suggest that in rain-fed agricultural systems in northeast China, the conversion from cropland to grassland and forest can mitigate GWP through changing CO₂ and N₂O emissions.
5

Effects of the conversion of a degraded alpine Kobresia meadow on the organic carbon and nitrogen of soil and plants

71%
Qiao Y., Duan Z., Li X., Quan X., Liang H.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2015
|
tom 63
|
nr 4
Three sites with both degraded alpine Kobresia meadow (DM) and adjacent mix-seeded perennial grasses pastures (MSP) in the headwater region of the Yellow River, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, were selected to investigate plant and soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and their isotope composition. The SOC and TN in the top soil layer to a depth of 10 cm were significantly affected by ploughing and planting mix-seeded perennial grasses. The SOC content in 0–10 cm soil layer of MSPs was 25.6%, 5.5% and 12.9% lower than those of DMs at the I-III sites, respectively, and the rate of OC density loss was 23.8, 14.5 and 18.2%, respectively. The soil TN content in 0–10 cm soil layer of MSPs was 16.6%, 2.2% and 9.4% lower than those of the DMs at three sites, respectively, and the TN density was 15.6, 10.6 and 15.3% lower than those of DMs, respectively. The plant and soil ¹³C values (-27.03‰, -25.16‰, respectively) suggest that the vegetation of both DMs and MSPs are C₃ plant communities. The 15 N value in the soil (>4‰) was significantly greater than in plants (<2‰). No differences of either ¹³C or ¹⁵N abundance between MSPs and DMs at Site I and II, but were found at Site III, indicating that the effects were site specific. The rehabilitation of a degraded Kobresia meadow has a significant influence on the soil properties, SOC and TN. Caution should be taken in site selection before performing conversion.
6

Ectopic overexpression of Arabidopsis AtmiR393a gene changes auxin sensitivity and enhances salt resistance in tobacco

71%
Feng X. M., You C. X., Qiao Y., Mao K., Hao Y. J.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2010
|
tom 32
|
nr 5
To characterize the biological function of microRNA miR393 in tobacco, AtmiR393a gene was isolated from Arabidopsis using PCR and fused downstream to CaMV 35S promoter to make a plant expression construct 35S::AtmiR393a. The resultant construct was then introduced into tobacco with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgenic tobacco lines ectopically overexpressing AtmiR393a were successfully obtained. Transgenic lines L1 (a weak line), L2 (a middle line), and L3 (a strong line) were confirmed using stem-loop RT-PCRs and used to characterize the function of miR393 in tobacco. The results showed that L1, L2, and L3 exhibited reduced plant size and root length related to the WT control. In addition, seedling growth was less sensitive to IAA treatment and NaCl stress in three transgenic lines than the non-transgenic WT control. Furthermore, L1, L2, and L3 showed reduced phototropism relative to WT. Therefore, the biological function of miR393 is conserved in tobacco, just like in Arabidopsis. It regulates plant growth and development as well as the responses to environmental cues by influencing auxin sensitivity.
7

Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on growth and morphology of fir (Abies faxoniana, Rehd. e t Wils.) and native herbs in a treeline ecotone: an experimental approach

71%
Hou Y., Luo Z., Jenerette G. D., Qiao Y., Wang K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2010
|
tom 58
|
nr 2
Determining how changes in atmospheric CO₂ concentrations and climate affects growth of species is helpful for understanding plant community species shift in response to future environmental changes. In the present study, fir (Abies faxoniana) and native herbs from treeline ecotone of east Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (altitude: 3230–3300 m) were exposed to ambient CO₂ or ambient +350 μmol·mol⁻¹ CO₂ concentration in combination with ambient or ambient +2°C air temperature for two years in enclosedtop chambers. The results showed that elevated CO₂ , elevated temperature and the combination of elevated CO₂ and temperature increased biomass, height and diameter of fir compared to the control. Elevated CO₂ decreased biomass of Deyeuxia scabrescens, but increased for Fragaria orientalis and Cardamine tangutorum. Except for Fragaria orientalis, herbaceous biomass decreased by elevated temperature. The combination stimulated growth of Fragaria orientalis and Cardamine tangutorum, but suppressed for Deyeuxia scabrescens and Carex kansuensis. The results also demonstrated that elevated CO₂ and temperature increased the crown size and altered the morphology of fir, with benefits for resource capture, and did not affect growth of herbs. Larger root to shoot ratio of fir contributed the enhancement of biomass, while negatively influencing the growth of some herbs. This indicates morphological changes of trees may modify their growth responses and species around them to environmental changes. The different effects of elevated CO₂ and temperature on the growth of species in treeline ecotone suggest that climate change may alter community composition and structure.
8
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Overexpression of arabidopsis AtmiR408 gene in tobacco

71%
Feng X. M., Qiao Y., Mao K., Hao Y. J., You C. X.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
|
2010
|
tom 52
|
nr 2
9

How 23-year continuous soybean cultivation led to more SOC and thermal energy stored in Mollisol micro-aggregates

71%
Qiao Y., Miao S., Yue S., Wu H., Han X.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2016
|
tom 25
|
nr 3
Aggregate has been recognized as a key element in the stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC). Several researchers have done outstanding work on identifying and isolating aggregates and their physiochemical properties. However, thermal stability of SOC in soil aggregates has not yet been adequately explored. The main objective of the study was to clarify the protection of aggregation on SOC from thermal characters, and provide evidence on whether thermal analysis could be a potential rapid method to determine SOC stability in aggregates. We separated 20-cm surface soil into six fractions (>2, 1-2, 0.5-1, 0.25-0.5, 0.053-0.25 and <0.053mm) before and after 23-yr continuous soybean cultivation. The study measured the change of SOC and its thermal characteristics across aggregates using thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), which also showed that the thermal stability mechanism of SOC is protected by aggregates. Results showed that 23-yr continuous soybean cultivation led to an SOC increase in 0.053-0.5 mm size aggregates, but a decrease in other large-size aggregates. Energy density in the > 0.5 mm fraction was decreased by 23-yr continuous soybean cultivation, but increased to < 0.5 mm size fraction. The largest energy density was in < 0.053 mm size fractions. In conclusion, long-term continuous soybean cultivation led to more energy transferred to micro-aggregates associated with the protection of micro-aggregates on soil SOC.
10

Macro-microscopic research in reideer (Rangifer tarandus) hoof suitable for efficient locomotion on complex grounds

71%
Zhang R., Qiao Y., Ji Q., Ma S., LI J.
Journal of Veterinary Research
|
2017
|
tom 61
|
nr 2
11
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Cloning and expression analysis of LeTIR1 in tomato

61%
Qiao Y., Feng X.-M., Liu Z.-Z., Wang S.-S., Hao Y.-J., You C.-X.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
|
2011
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
The full-length cDNA of LeTIR1 gene was isolated from tomato with EST-based in silico cloning followed by RACE amplification. LeTIR1 contained an open reading frame (ORF) 1872 bp long, encoding 624 amino acid residues. The predicted protein LeTIR1 had one F-box motif and eleven leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), all of which are highly conserved in TIR1 proteins of other plant species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the LeTIR1 protein shared high similarity with other known TIR1 proteins. Both sequence and phylogenetic analysis suggested that LeTIR1 is a TIR1 homologue and encodes an F-box protein in tomato. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR indicated that LeTIR1 was expressed constitutively in all organs tested, with higher expression in stem than root, leaf, flower and fruit. Its expression level was positively correlated with the auxin distribution in stem or axillary shoot, and was induced by spraying exogenous IAA.
12

Effects of Abietinella abietina extracts on the germination and seedling emergence of Picea crassifolia: results of greenhouse experiments

42%
Wang Q., Zhao C., Gao Y., Gao C., Qiao Y., Xie H., Wang W., Yuan L., Liu J., Ma W., Li W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2016
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
Moss cushion plays an important role in recruitment of vascular plants. In this study, we examined the effects of water soluble extracts (WSE) of Abietinella abietina on germination of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) and the effects of moss substrates (A. abietina) on seedling emergence of P. crassifolia in two greenhouse experiments. We found that the WSE of moss affected germination of P. crassifolia in two ways: (1) the WSE reducing the risk of fungal infection to the seeds, improve the germination rate; and (2) the WSE affects germination by its concentration, that is, low concentrations of WSE (i.e., 0.5 mg ml⁻¹ and 5 mg ml⁻¹) stimulate, while high concentrations (i.e., 50 mg ml⁻¹) inhibit it. In seedling emergence experiments, we detected that the moss substrates (both thick and thin mosses) facilitate the emergence of P. crassifolia in dry and intermediate moisture conditions, but inhibit it in moist conditions. In bare soil, the P. crassifolia emergence was also controlled by moisture conditions; the highest (60%) and the lowest (35%) emergence occurred in the moist conditions and dry conditions, respectively. We also found that P. crassifolia seedlings were thinner and taller, but their number higher in moss cushion than in bare soil. Thus we conclude that there is nurse effect of A. abietina cushion on recruitment of P. crassifolia in both dry and intermediate moisture conditions.
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