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Onions cv. Sochaczewska were dried up under an umbrella roof till October 15th or till November 15th and thereafter stored in a cold room at 0-l°C until May 15th. During 4-year of experiment gibberellin activity was determined each month during storage. Three periods of high activity of gibberellins were found in most cases: in December, in February-March and in late spring. In general, onions dried longer (till November 15th), showed lower gibberellin activity than onions dried shorter. Gibberellin-like substances under investigation are localized in almost all Rf zones of chromatogram. Sprouting and rooting was related to gibberellin activity.
Onion bulbs cv. Sochaczewska were dried under an umbrella roof until October 15th or November 15th and thereafter stored in a cold room at 0-1°C until May 15th. During 4 years of the experiment, the activity of cytokinin-like substances was determined each month during storage. The cytokinin activity showed two to three peaks: at the beginning of storage, in January-February (in one year in December) and at the end of the storage period. No clear correlation was found between cytokinin activity and bulb rooting or sprouting. The lenght of the drying period occasionally influenced the height of cytokinin activity peaks and displaced the moment of their appearance. Weather conditions in particular years seem to be the main factor influencing the changes in cytokinin activity.
Changes in inhibitor activity in the onion bulbs (Allium cepa L.) cv. Sochaczewska during storage were investigated. Onions were dried under an umbrella roof until October 15th or November 15th and thereafter stored in a cold-room at 0 - 1°C until May 15th. The activity of inhibitors fluctuated markedly during the storage period. At least two peaks and two decreases of inhibitor activity were observed. The weather conditions seemed to strongly influence the level and the date of appearance of inhibitors in onions. Higher inhibitor activity is usually connected with better storage and less sprouting of onions during storage. Prolonged drying under an umbrella roof enhanced onion quality after storage only in these cases when it actually improved the drying of onions.
Haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl (HE) is a herbicide active against most grasses, whereas dicotyledonous plants are rather resistant to it. The effects of HE on the growth of wheat seedling leaves (cv. Almari) as well as the activity of several enzymes involved in the plant defense system against stress such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), were studied. The growth of wheat leaves was inhibited by 50% 12 h after the HE treatment. The changes observed in the enzyme activities suggest that the herbicidal effect on enzyme activity depends on the distance between the place where the HE was applied and the section of the leaf analyzed as well as on the duration of the plant with the HE. The changes in SOD, POX, and CAT activities observed in the leaves of the wheat treated with the compound might mean that HE induces oxidative stress in the species studied. These results may confirm the hypothesis related to the mechanism of graminicides action.
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