Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 28

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The aim of the study was to characterize individual quality of mouflon harvested in the Bardzkie Mountains (south−west Poland). The assessment criteria included horn dimensions, i.e. their length, circumference (base, middle and top), spread and twist. These features were individually analyzed for each mouflon ram. Medal value of the trophies expressed as CIC scores increased with the ram age reaching 187.12 for 6−years−old animals. Three out of 50 measured trophies were classified into the bronze medal category, as they crossed the threshold of 185 CIC points. All medal−winning individuals were 6 years old.
The analysis of the lower jaws of 265 wild boars, including 143 piglets and 122 yearlings, harvested in Zielonka Game Investigation Centre showed that farrowing took place most often in March (43.3%), February (23.8%), April (17.5%) and January (11.2%). Piglets were also born in May, June and July. The percentages for yearlings were a little different.
The stomach content of 74 wild boars harvested in the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre in 2005-2007 were analyzed. According to the hunting management schedule and the cycles of forest and farmland food occurrence, three research seasons were selected and compared with respect to the trophic behaviour of wild boar. As many authors claimed, the animals extraordinarily tended to eat mainly the feed supplied to the forest. Such a disruption in the natural use of the food niche in the forest environment, resulting from an irrational feeding policy, interferes with the natural trophic role of this species.
More than 3000 direct observations of 5900 mooses were used to investigate the sex structure and growth of the population living in the Kampinoski National Park (KNP, central Poland). The study used data collected by the park service since 1998. To confirm the hypothesis that the random observations will accurately describe the population structure the experiment was performed with a theoretical population. It was a collection of 102 numbers (1−39 for females, 40−81 for males, and 82−102 for calves). Sex structure of this population was 1:1 and the growth rate was 0.6 calf/female. To provide the randomness all ‘animals' were mixed and renumbered. Each time we drew 4 numbers (like 4 random moose observed). The drawn numbers were grouped into: males, females and calves. Results of the consecutive draws were accumulated, while sex ratio and growth rate of this hypothetical population were constantly recalculated. Changes in ratios with increasing abundance of ‘recorded' moose were observed. It was assumed that the accuracy of estimates of population structure will increase with the number of observed animals and ultimately the results of the draw will show real sex structure and growth of analyzed population. The draw was repeated three times. Each time the results confirmed the hypothesis. A similar procedure was performed for empirical data from KNP. The documented direct observation of moose throughout the year provides a reliable assessment of the sex structure and population growth. At a constant, daily assessment of gender structure requires longer observation time than evaluation of growth. Application of these traits based on a small empirical material and/or short follow−up time may result in significant errors. The sex structure of moose in KNP is at the level of about 1:2, while growth at 0.8 calf/female. The values of indicators describing these characteristics are higher than previously adopted for the purposes of hunting of moose use in Poland. It would clarify the methodology of recording observations – a clear definition of calf age (0−1 years) and a separate listing of moose treated as an independent one− −year age group. It is also strict principle of not combining several separate observations (e.g. summary of the daily observations) as one independent observation. The method of accumulation of direct observation to assess the gender structure and growth should be tested in other deer species.
Wild boar causes damage to the field crops in the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre for nine months a year. The most susceptible crops include rye, cereal mixes, oats, triticale, wheat, maize and potato. The reduced damage area (the damaged part of a manipulation area) in the research period varied from 8.42 ha in 2006 to 20.42 ha in 2005. The annual average reduced damage area was 14.42 ha.
The research was aimed at establishing the degree to which wild boar used different parts of habitats in a large forest complex. In the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre, wild boar most actively rooted from October to March, in fresh mixed broadleaved forest and fresh broadleaved forest, in stands aged over 41 years.
The results of the inventory of damage caused by roe deer in a 2−year−old apple orchard in central Poland permitted to evaluate the browsing intensity as well as the relationship between biometric characteristics of trees and browsing intensity. The research showed that damage caused by the roe deer was mainly caused by shoot browsing, then rubbing the velvet antlers against trees and bark stripping. In one winter, roe deer damaged 35% of the orchard by browsing even up to 100% shoots on an individual tree. Significant differences were found between the intensity of browsing the different varieties of apple trees. The largest damage was noted in the case of the Ligol variety (35% of shoots on average), while the smallest – for the Idared and Golden Delicious varieties (approximately 5% of shoots on average). Branching and tree height were not found to affect the level of damage. When establishing forest hunting grounds, the Ligol variety, eagerly browsed by roe deer, should be planted on browsing plots, while Idared and Golden Delicious varieties – in orchards designed for fruiting.
The authors analysed selected biometric features of the wild boars harvested in the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre in 2004-2007, including the carcass weight, body length and height at the withers, with regard to age and sex. Some population attributes were also analysed, including age, sex and social structure.
The paper presents the first Polish bibliography on mouflon that includes papers published in the years 1945−2014. Forty seven publications show diversified interest in mouflon depending on its population size. Three different periods of research activity and publishing were distinguished. The first one (1945−1960) called the ‘opening balance' was the time of assessment of mouflon in Poland after the World War 2. At that time, mouflon status as an alien species was not taken into account. After the first unsuccessful attempts of introduction, ‘period of ambivalence' in the research and publishing activity occurred. In years 1961−1990 only nine publications, mainly popular ones, about the biology and occurrence of the species in Poland, and the history of its introduction were published. Along significant increase in number in the early 1990s, there was a significant increase in interest in this species among scientists. Majority of Polish research on mouflon has been published in the ‘renaissance' phase (since 1991). Papers deal with genetic testing, parasitology or telemetry, but knowledge about the role of mouflon in the ecosystem is still insufficient. Preliminary analysis of the number of publications and their subject (figs. 1 and 2) clearly shows that despite its 70−year history in Poland, the mouflon is still little−known species. Well−documented history of the reintroductions and their development is accompanied by almost complete lack of knowledge about the ecology. In terms of hunting management, protection or elimination of this species from Poland, there are currently no any reliable information, which could be useful for decision−makers. Mouflon has been a species of small numbers, not causing severe damage to forests and fields, and apparently not influencing negatively other ungulates in the areas of its occurrence. Not being a source of hunting successes or environmental problems it still remains outside the interest of scientists. At first mouflon was promoted, but later on, sometimes after many years, researchers tried to answer basic matters. Currently priority should be given to the research on i) the genetic condition of all local populations and evaluate their stability, ii) the interaction between mouflon and other wild ungulates, iii) its dietary composition in terms of damage to forests and fields, iv) parasites in isolated populations and v) assessment of the future of the species in Poland in the time of significant increase in wolf population.
The research concerned the behaviour of a wild boar population in a large (7,500 ha) contiguous forest complex. The results obtained through telemetry include the size of home ranges, daily home ranges, and movement rates of the individuals observed. The separation of female and male home ranges was revealed. The researchers established that the wild boars were most often to be found in Scots pine stands in fresh mixed broadleaved forest habitats.
The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that the quality of male roe deer hunted in the Kielce region depends on the selected characteristics of the place of their earlier habitat (forest cover, soil) and the age of the individuals. As a criteria to verify that hypothesis we chose carcass weight, weight and height of the antlers and skull dimensions. Material consisted of carcasses and antlers of 1349 bucks harvested in 169 hunting districts in the Kielce region (central Poland). We found that the individual quality of male roe deer was diverse. Significant impact was found for the forest cover, diversity of soil types and age of the individuals. Roe deer with the smallest carcass weight, having significantly lighter antlers occurred in areas with the forest cover of over 40% (tab. 1). In turn, in the filed−type circuits, where the forest cover does not exceed 20%, bucks were much heavier and imposed massive antlers (fig. 1). There was also evidence that in areas where the fertile soil dominated (rendzina and chernozems) individual quality of deer was significantly better than in districts where poor fawn and rust soils predominated (fig. 2). The examined environmental factors had the greatest impact on carcass or antlers weight, as well as the dimensions of deer skulls in case of the youngest bucks and their impact decreased with age. Optimum of the individual's development in terms of carcass weight and antler falls at the age of seven. Bucks harvested in the Kielce region, in comparison to the other populations in Poland, were characterized by good individual quality and slightly subsided only to individuals from the Lublin Upland (tab. 2).
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.