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Anatomical structure of the coracohumeral ligament and its effect on shoulder joint stability

100%

Sun C., Zhong B., Pan Z., Du D., Min X.

Folia Morphologica

2017

tom 76

nr 4

Background: In this study, coracohumeral ligament (CHL) specimens were carefully dissected to observe its length, width, thickness and tension at different positions of the shoulder joint, thereby elucidating its effects on shoulder joint stability. Materials and methods: Fresh frozen shoulder joints from 40 normal adult cadaveric specimens were dissected to reveal the CHL. With the shoulder joints placed at different positions, the length of the CHL and the width and thickness of the middle part of the ligament were measured. The changes in tension of the CHL were also observed. When the shoulder joint maintained the neutral position, the length of the CHL was 52.23 ± 1.02 mm and the width and thickness of the middle part of the ligament were 15.95 ± 0.59 mm and 1.46 ± 0.06 mm, respectively. Results: When the shoulder joint moved from the neutral position to 90° external rotation, from the neutral position to 30° adduction or from the neutral position to 30° flexion/extension or when the shoulder joint is pulled down with a 5 kg weight, the CHL was elongated and thinned, maintaining a strained state. When the shoulder joint moved from the neutral position to 90° internal rotation, from the neutral position to 90° abduction or from the neutral position to 30° flexion/ extension, the CHL was shortened and thickened, maintaining a relaxed state. Conclusions: The CHL may limit the external rotation, adduction and downward movement of the shoulder joint and the process from the neutral position to the 30° flexion/extension, maintaining shoulder joint stability. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 4: 720–729)

Effect of grazing to copper pollution meadow on copper metabolism in Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep

86%

Chi Y., Xiong K., Chen H., Min X., Xiao H., Liao J., Shen X.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2019

tom 28

nr 3

To assess the effect of copper pollution meadow on grazing Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep and find an action plan to solve copper pollution, two experiments (grazing and sulfur supplementation) were conducted on copper pollution meadow at Wumeng mountainous area in Weining County of Guizhou Province. The contents of heavy metal elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) in soil, pasture, and animal tissues, and the blood parameter was determined by automatic blood cell analyzer. The results of grazing experiments showed that the content of copper and zinc in animal tissues when Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep grazed in the copper-polluted meadow were significantly increased (P<0.01), but the molybdenum content in animal tissues significantly decreased (P<0.01). At the end of experiment, the Hb, PCV, and RBC of the experimental Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep were significantly lower than control group (P<0.01), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), and the wool yield and length were significantly lower than not the control group (P<0.01). The results of the sulfur supplementation experiment showed that the supplementation of sodium sulfate significantly reduced the copper element content in blood and liver of Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep, the hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cell count (RBC) in blood of the experimental Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01), and the blood parameter reached the normal range at the end of the experiment. The content of copper element in blood and liver of the control group continued to increase, and the content of molybdenum in the animal tissues continued to decrease (P<0.01). The Hb, PCV, RBC, and MCV of the experimental Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep continued to decline, and hemolytic anemia was seen in Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep from control group at the end of experiment. However, sulfur supplementation had no significant effect on the relevant indicators of wool quality. Conclusion: copper pollution meadow seriously affect the mineral metabolism of Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep, and we can utilize the antagonism of sulfur and copper in the food chain to achieve the goal of harmless utilization of copper pollution meadow.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulated by calcium is involved in thermotolerance in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. suspension cell cultures

72%

Li Z.-G., Long W.-B., Yang S.-Z., Wang Y.-C., Tang J.-H., Wen L., Wen L., Zhu B.-Y., Min X.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2015

tom 37

nr 10

Calcium (Ca2+)/calmodulin (CaM), a core component of calcium messenger system, is a multiple second messenger that is involved in multiple stress tolerance including heat tolerance in plants, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is fast emerging similar functions, but Ca2+ and H2S crosstalk in the acquisition of thermotolerance is not completely understood. In this article, Ca2+ and CaM activated the activity of cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DES), followed by inducing endogenous H2S accumulation in tobacco suspension cultured cells, while treatment with Ca2+ chelator ethylene glycol-bis(b-aminoethylether)- N,N,N0,N0-tetraacetic acid and CaM antagonists chlorpromazine lowered L-DES activity and H2S accumulation. Interestingly, Ca2+- and CaM-activated L-DES activity and endogenous H2S accumulation were eliminated by H2S synthesis inhibitors DL-propargylglycine (PAG), aminooxy acetic acid (AOA), potassium pyruvate (PP) and hydroxylamine (HA), and the H2S scavenger hypotaurine (HT), indicating that Ca2+ and CaM regulated endogenous H2S generation via activating L-DES activity in tobacco cells. Furthermore, H2S donor NaHS, Ca2+ and CaM treatment alone significantly improved the thermotolerance of tobacco cells, and heat tolerance induced by Ca2+ and CaM was enhanced by exogenous NaHS, while weakened by PAG, AOA, PP, HA or HT. All above-mentioned results suggest that endogenous H2S generated by L-DES was involved, at least partly, in the thermotolerance induced by Ca2+ and CaM in tobacco suspension cell cultures.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

1 Folia Morphologica

1 Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

3 Min X.

1 Chen H.

1 Chi Y.

1 Du D.

1 Li Z.-G.

1 Liao J.

1 Long W.-B.

1 Pan Z.

1 Shen X.

1 Sun C.

1 Tang J.-H.

1 Wang Y.-C.

1 Wen L.

1 Xiao H.

1 Xiong K.

1 Yang S.-Z.

1 Zhong B.

1 Zhu B.-Y.

1 2019

1 2017

1 2015

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Anatomical structure of the coracohumeral ligament and its effect on shoulder joint stability

Effect of grazing to copper pollution meadow on copper metabolism in Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide regulated by calcium is involved in thermotolerance in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. suspension cell cultures