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The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of one-day wrestling tournament on magnitude and direction of changes in selected immunological and endocrine status indices. The participants of the study were male (n = 12) and female (n = 13) wrestlers. The earlobe blood samples and unstimulated saliva were collected at three time points: in the morning before the competition (1), immediately after the last match (2) and in the next morning (3). Total protein, IgA and cortisol concentration and α-amylase activity in saliva, as well as concentration of cortisol and interleukin-6 in serum were measured. Significantly lower ratio of sIgA/protein and significantly higher levels of salivary and serum cortisol, interleukin-6, and α-amylase activity were observed at the second time point compared with the first and the third in both groups of athletes. Regardless of the examined time point, concentrations of serum and saliva markers were similar in female and male wrestlers. However, a tendency to lower sAA activity on the next morning after the tournament compared to basal activity of this enzyme was seen in both examined groups. In general, the changes of examined markers were short-lived, except for α-amylase activity, showing that tournament-wrestling matches had no sustained negative effects on endocrine and immunological body systems.
The puropose of the study was to examine the influence of aerobic fitness on blood antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation and plasma antioxidant index response to submaximal exercise. In well-trained rowers characterized by higher aerobic fitness 30 min submaximal cycling did not affect lipid peroxidation, total oxidant status and blood antioxidant system (GSH concentration, SOD, CAT and GPX activity). However, in less aerobically trained students despite any sings of oxidative stress (lack of changes in lipid peroxidation, antioxidant index and GSH concentration) submaximal cycling induced significant decrease in blood antioxidant enzymes activities. In addition, in rowers pre-exercise blood GSH concentration and GPX activity was higher than in students. In contrast, pre-exercise blood CAT activity in rowers was lower than in students. Neither in students nor in rowers pre-exercise blood GPX, CAT and GSH concentration was related to indices of aerobic fitness. Our study revealed that 30 min submaximal cycling did not cause oxidative stress in subjects with significantly different indices of aerobic capacity.
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of training status expressed as maximal oxygen uptake and the dietary intake of fat and vitamin E on plasma α-tocopherol and TBARS concentration and the response of both variables to incremental cycling until exhaustion. In well-trained rowers (Group T) characterized by higher maximal oxygen uptake, despite greater fat and vitamin E intake and more frequent vegetable oils consumption in diet the plasma α-tocopherol concentration before exercise was lower than in less fit students (Group NT) indicating that physical training increases vitamin E requirements. Pre-exercise plasma TBARS concentration in Group T was higher than in NT. In addition, in trained subjects it was inversely correlated with pre-exercise α-tocopherol concentration suggesting that α-tocopherol plays an important role in protecting plasma lipids against oxidative damage. After exhausting physical exercise plasma α-tocopherol concentration was significantly elevated solely in trained subjects which could be explained by an easier and more dynamic mobilization of vitamin E body pool in this group than in less fit subjects. Additionally, post-exercise plasma TBARS decrease in Group T was greater than in NT probably indicating that physical training enable more efficient utilization of by-products of lipid peroxidation.
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